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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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uterus |
muscular, suspended by ligaments in midline of true pelvis |
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What are the 4 parts of the uterus? |
fundus, body (corpus), isthmus, cervix |
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Most superior aspect of the uterus above insertion of Fallopian tubes lateral portions from cornu (horns) of uterus |
fundus |
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largest part of the uterus |
body (corpus) |
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area between the body of the uterus and the cervix |
isthmus |
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more fibrous and less muscular than the uterus |
cervix |
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how long is the cervix in nulliparis pt |
2-3 cm long |
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How is the cervix attached to the pelvis |
anchored at angle of bladder by parametrium less freely moveable than body of uterus |
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uterine position |
highly variable bladder is anterior rectosigmoid colon is posterior |
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uterine blood supply |
dual blood supply uterine artery and ovarian artery |
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size of uterus in prepubescent |
2.8 cm long 0.8 cm AP cx is 2/3 of total length |
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size of uterus from birth to 4 years |
uterus decreases in size |
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size of uterus around 8 years |
begins to grow 7 cm long and 4 cm wide by reproductive age |
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size of uterus during parity, multiparity |
size increases 8.5-5.5 cm |
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size of uterus postmeno |
usually small 3.5-6.5 cm long 1.2-1.8 cm AP |
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Uterine layers |
Muscularis Serosa Mucous |
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Muscularis aka... |
myometrium |
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How many layers of muscularis (myometrium) |
3 |
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inner most layer of the myometrium |
hypoechoic "Subendometrial Halo" |
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middle later of the myometrium |
thicker, more echogenic |
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outer layer of the myometrium |
separated from middle layer by arcuate plexus of arteries and veins |
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the outer layer of the myometrium may appear as... |
cystic use doppler to differentiate |
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Serosa layer of the uterus aka... |
parimetrium middle layer |
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Serosa (parimetrium) |
peritoneal covering of uterus covers fundus and most of body |
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Mucous aka... |
Endometrium inner most layer |
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Mucous (endometrium) |
echogenicity depends on phase of menstrual cycle, parity, age, HRT |
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thickness of endometrium of the uterus |
varies in thickness depending on phase of menstrual cycle, parity, age, HRT 1mm just before menses 6mm just before menses |
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premenopausal endometrium should not exceed... |
14-16mm |
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postmenopausal endometrium should not exceed... |
8mm if on HRT 4-5mm with history of bleeding |
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sonographic appearance of the endometrium in the Early Proliferative Phase (day 5-9) |
thin echogenic line |
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sonographic appearance of the endometrium in the Late Proliferative Phase (day 10-14) |
functional zone thickens due to estrogen hypoechoic compared to echogenic basal layer |
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sonographic appearance of the endometrium in the Secretory Phase (day 15-28) |
Functional layer becomes thickened, soft, and edematous due to progesterone Increased echogenicity of functional layer, becomes isoechoic to basal layer |
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Uterine position - Version |
relationship between cervix and vagina |
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anteversion |
cervix and vagina form a 90 degree angle |
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uterine position - Flexion |
relationship between cervix and uterine body |
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anteflexion |
corpus (body of uterine) flexed anteriorly on cervix if the bladder is empty, it is the most common position for the the uterus |
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Uterine position Anteverted/Anteflexed |
corpus, fundus, and cx in normal position |
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Uterine position Retroverted |
corpus/fundus in normal position cx tilted backwards |
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Uterine position Retroflexed |
corpus/fundus tilted backwards cx maintains normal position |
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Uterine position Retroverted/Retroflexed |
corpus/fundus and cx tilt backwards |
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Uterine position retroversion, as well as corpus tilting to the right or left |
obscure evaluation on TV of endo and fundus can appear to have fundal fibroid and dropout artifact normal variant until 14-16 wk gestation |
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incarcerated uterus |
if fundus fails to rise into false pelvis from sacral hollow during pregnancy |
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incarcerated uterus signs and symptoms |
bladder outlet obstruction multiple ER visits between 13-17 wk |
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incarcerated uterus ultrasound findings |
1. pregnancy deepwithin cul-de-sac 2. maternal UB anterior to uterus (should be inferior) bladder distention present 3. soft tissue structure (cx) visualized between UB and pregnancy |
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empty incarcerated uterus means.. |
eptopic or abdominal pregnancy |
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What will happen if incarcerated uterus is not diagnosed |
spontaneous abortion or uterine rupture due to compromised uterine circulation |
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What is the treatment for an incarcerated uterus is diagnosed early |
manual reposition of uterus is possible |
