Nop: Hypothalamus/pituitary

Front 1

Basic hypothalamic functions

Back 1

nutrient and water intake, temperature/BP regulation, sleep-wake cycles and reproductive rhythms

Front 2

Hypothalmic divions

Back 2

preoptic area, anterior nucleus, suprachiasmatic nucleus, supraoptic nucleus, preoptic area, paraventricular nucleus, dorsomedial nucleus, ventromedial nucleus, posterior nucleus, mammillary nuclei, arcuate nucleus

Front 3

Preoptic area of hypothalamus

Back 3

regulates pituiatry gonadotropin secretion, reproductive/feeding/stereotyped locomotive behaviors

Front 4

Medial pre-optic

Back 4

cellular

Front 5

Lateral pre-optic

Back 5

fiber pathways

Front 6

Lateral zone of hypothalamus

Back 6

important in feeding behaviors

Front 7

Medial zone of hypothalamus

Back 7

supraoptic, suprachiasmatic, tuberal, mammillary

Front 8

Supraoptic/suprachiasmatic region

Back 8

water balance, circadian rhythm, body temperature

Front 9

Supraoptic nucleus

Back 9

ADH release

Front 10

Mangocellular Paraventricular Nucleus

Back 10

Oxytocin and ADH

Front 11

Parvocellular Paraventricular Nucleus

Back 11

CRH/AH, TRH

Front 12

Suprachiasmtic Nucleus

Back 12

Circadian Rhythm

Front 13

Anterior nucleus

Back 13

sleep and thermoregulation

Front 14

Role of Tuberal Region of Hypothalamus

Back 14

hormone secretion, satiety, emotional behaviors

Front 15

Structures of Hypothalamic Tuberal Region

Back 15

ventromedial, dorsomedial, arcuate nuclei, median eminence

Front 16

Ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus

Back 16

satiety center

Front 17

Dorsomedial nucleus

Back 17

aggressive and emotional behavior

Front 18

Arcuate Nucleus

Back 18

endocrine & autonomic control

Front 19

Median Eminence

Back 19

endocrine control

Front 20

Function of Mammillary Region of Hypothalamus

Back 20

short term memory and blood pressure

Front 21

Structures of Hypothalamic Mammillary region

Back 21

medial mammillary nucleus, intermediate mammillary nucleus, lateral mammillary nucleus, posterior mammillary nucleus

Front 22

Medial Mammillary Nucleus

Back 22

histamine neruons, arousal

Front 23

Intermediate mammillary nucleus

Back 23

short term memory

Front 24

Korsakoff’s syndrome

Back 24

thiamine deficiency, issues with intermediate mammillary nucleus

Front 25

Posterior Mammillary Nucleus

Back 25

emotion & cardiovascular system

Front 26

Hypothalamic Blood Supply

Back 26

branches of circle of willis.

Front 27

Afferent fibers to Hypothalamus

Back 27

fornix, amygdala, medial forebrain bundle. Mammillary peduncle, thalamohypothalmotract, cortiohypothalamic tract, retinohypothalamic tract

Front 28

Fornix/amygdala → Hypothalamus

Back 28

limbic driven emotions

Front 29

Ascending medial forebrain bundle

Back 29

emotional responses

Front 30

Descending medial forebrain bundle

Back 30

emotional responses and autonomic functions

Front 31

Efferent fibers from Hypothalamus

Back 31

mammilothalamic tract, mammillotegmental tract, ascending/descending medial hypothalamic nuclei, lateral hypothalamic nuclei, intrinsic hypothalamic nuclei.

Front 32

Mammilolothalamic tract

Back 32

anterior nucleus. Mediates emotional responses

Front 33

Mammillotegmental tract

Back 33

projects to midbrain tegmentum. Mediates visceral autonomic responses

Front 34

Ascending medial hypothalamic nuclei

Back 34

emotional responses

Front 35

Descending medial hypothalamic nuclei

Back 35

emotional and autonomic responses

Front 36

Lateral hypothalamic nuclei

Back 36

synchronization of responeses mediated by projections in medial forebrain bundle

Front 37

Intrinsic Hypothalamic COnections

Back 37

tuberoinfundibular tract, supraopticohyopyseal tract

Front 38

Tuberoinfundibular tract

Back 38

dopamine neurons from arcuate nucleus that regulate prolactin release

Front 39

Supraopticohypophyseal tract

Back 39

projects the posterior pituitary

Front 40

Sensory Circumventricular Organs

Back 40

subfornical, organum vasculosum of lamina terminals, subcommissural organ, area posterma

Front 41

Secretory Circumventricular organs

Back 41

median eminence, neural lope of posterior pituitary, pineal gland

Front 42

Mangocellular

Back 42

ADH (Vassopressin) and Oxytocin. To posterior pituitary and release

Front 43

Hormones released by paraventricular nuclei

Back 43

TRH, CRH

Front 44

Hormones released by arcuate nuclei

Back 44

GnRH, GHRH

Front 45

Thermo-dissipation center

Back 45

anterior hypothalamic

Front 46

Thermo-conservation center

Back 46

posterior hypothalamus

Front 47

BP control

Back 47

solitary nucleus in brainstem but paraventricular hypothalamic nuclei can override signal

Front 48

Satiety center

Back 48

ventromedial nuclei

Front 49

Feeding center

Back 49

lateral hypothalamus

Front 50

Low Insuli:leptin

Back 50

anabolosim → increased food intake and weight gain

Front 51

High Insulin:Leptin

Back 51

catabolism → decreased food intake and weight loss