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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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vascular tissue consist of...
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tissues that can conduct water, zylem and phloem
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spores
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single-cells, haploid, dispersed primary by air currents
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Bryophyta
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mosses are in what phyla?
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Marchantiophyta
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liverworts are in what phyla?
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Anthocerotophyta
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hornworts are in what phyla?
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haploid cells are in the _____ generation
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gametophyte generation
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diploid cells are in the _____ generation
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sporophyte generation
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protonemata
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long, thin strands that germinated spores grow into
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gametophore
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the leafy structure that is the most noticeable (and continuously present) portion of the moss life cycle.
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gametophores grow out of...
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protonemata buds
(protonemata = long, thin strands that germinated spores grow into) |
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is a gametophore diploid or haploid?
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haploid
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is a protonemata diploid or haploid?
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haploid
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archegonium
(pl. archegonia) |
female; when mature, contain an egg and a long narrow neck canal (venter) through which sperm swim down to access the egg from the environment.
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antheridium
(pl. antheridia) |
male; when mature, they contain many sperm
- typically oval structures containing many small, difficult to distinguish cells |
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paraphyses
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leaf like structures that extend above the archegonia and antheridia to protect them.
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how do antheridia sperm reach eggs?
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they swim through water and enter archegonium through neck canal
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zygotes diploid/haploid?
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diploid
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zygote grows into...
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a sporophyte
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cells in the capsule (sporangium) of the moss sporophyte undergo _____ to become ______ spores.
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meiosis
haploid |
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once a sporophyte matures, what does the capsule do?
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the capsule opens and releases its spore into the environment
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mosses are considered to undergo ______ (sexual/asexual) reproduction.
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sexual
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how do liverwort archegonia/antheridia differ from mosses?
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they are contained in stalk-like structures (archegoniophores & antheridiophores) that grow up from the thalli of the liverwort gametophore.
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How do liverworts (and some mosses) reproduce asexually?
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gemmae that are found in gemmae cups that grow up from the surface of the liverwork thallus (liverwort gametophyte).
There gemmae are released into water where they are washed away and germinate into new liverwort gametophyte. |
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thalli (sing. thallus)
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leaf-like structure of nonvascular, non-seed plant gametophytes.
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the two phyla of vascular, non-seed plants are
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1. Lycopodiophyta (club mosses)
2. Pteridophyta (ferns and fern allies) |
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the three phyla of nonvascular, non-seed plants are
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1. Bryophyta (mosses)
2. Marchantiophyta (liverworts) 3. Anthocerotophyta (hornworts) |
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sporangia are contained in what leaf structure? this structure is found on what?
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sporangia are contained in sori which are found on sporophylls on the underside of leaves
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whats are the two types of leaves found on a fern sporophyte and what is the difference between them?
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trophophylls - leaves not involved in sexual reproduction
sporophylls - leaves involved in sexual reproduction; contain sori which have sporangia |
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are cells in sporangia haploid or diploid?
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they undergo meiosis to become haploid spores
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of the following...
what is the dominant generation? - club moss - ferns |
- club moss = sporophyte
- ferns = sporophyte |
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what are thallus?
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the leaf-like structures of nonvascual, non-seed plant gametophytes
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are rhizoids roots? why or why not?
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no, because they do not contain vascular tissue as true roots do
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what is a cuticle? what type of plant are they found on? what is its function?
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a waxy, layer on the surface of a liverwort or moss thalli that reduces evaporative water loss
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