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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acylcovir |
MOA: -block enzyme that stimulates synthesis of new viral genomes. -impaired replication Indications: treatment of Herpes simplex types 1 and 2, herpes zoster, chickenpox Contraindications: known drug allergy, lactating women, children< 12 months of age, pregnancy Adverse effects: Nausea, diarrhea, headache, burning when topically applied Interactions: interferon=Additive antiviral effects; probenecid= Increased acyclovir levels due to decreasing renal clearance; zidovudine=Increased risk for neurotoxicity Lab values: CBC, CMP, pregnancy test, renal function, liver function, sputum Class: Antiherpesvisus Dosages: IV 5-10mg/kg every 8 hr for 7-10 days. PO: 200-800 mg 5 times daily for 5-10 days Misc: |
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Amatadine |
MOA: -block enzyme that stimulates synthesis of new viral genomes. -impaired replication Indications: treatment of Influenza A Contraindications:known drug allergy, lactating women, children< 12 months of age, pregnancy Adverse effects: Insomnia, nervousness, lightheadedness, anorexia, nausea, anticholinergic effects, orthostatic hypotension, blurred vision Interactions: Anticholinergic drugs= Increased adverse anticholinergic effects; CNS stimulants=Additive CNS stimulant effects Lab values: CBC, CMP, pregnancy test, renal function, liver function, sputum Class: Antiinfluenza Dosages: 100-200 mg/day or divided BID Misc: can be used to prevent or treat |
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Glanciclovir |
MOA: -block enzyme that stimulates synthesis of new viral genomes. -impaired replication Indications: CMV retinitis Contraindications: known drug allergy, lactating women, children< 12 months of age, pregnancy Adverse effects: Bone marrow toxicity, nausea, vomiting, headache, seizures Interactions: Lab values: CBC, CMP, pregnancy test, renal function, liver function, sputum Class: Antiviral Dosages: IV: 5mg/lg/day divided every 12-24 hrs. PO: 1000 mg TID Misc: |
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Ribavirin |
MOA: -block enzyme that stimulates synthesis of new viral genomes. -impaired replication Indications: treatment of Respiratory syncytial virus infection Contraindications: known drug allergy, lactating women, children< 12 months of age, pregnancy Adverse effects: Rash, conjunctivitis, anemia, mild bronchospasm Interactions: Lab values: CBC, CMP, pregnancy test, renal function, liver function, sputum Class: Anti-RSV Dosages: Pediatric: Aerosol-6g via continuous aerosol 12-18hr/day for 3-7 days Misc: |
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Simpeprevir |
MOA: -block enzyme that stimulates synthesis of new viral genomes. -impaired replication Indications: treatment of Hepatitis C Contraindications: known drug allergy, lactating women, children< 12 months of age, pregnancy Adverse effects: Photosensitivity, rash, pruritus, nausea, myalgia Interactions: Lab values: CBC, CMP, pregnancy test, renal function, liver function, sputum Class: Protease inhibitor Dosages: Misc: |
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Telebivudine |
MOA: -block enzyme that stimulates synthesis of new viral genomes. -impaired replication Indications: treatment of Hepatitis B (Chronic) Contraindications: known drug allergy, lactating women, children< 12 months of age, pregnancy Adverse effects: selective killing is difficult; healthy human cells may die. N/V, pancreatitis, seizures, bone marrow toxicity, fatigue, myopathy, headache. Interactions: Lab values: CBC, CMP, pregnancy test, renal function, liver function, sputum Class: Nuclease Analogue Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor Dosages: Misc: |
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Antivirals kill or suppress viruses by: |
-destroying virion -inhibiting replication |
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Immunoglobulins |
drugs that destroy virions |
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Are viral infections more difficult to eradicate than bacterial infections |
Yes. Antivirals must enter cells the disrupt viral replication |
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who has the best response to antiviral drug therapy |
people w/ competent immune systems |
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Oseltamivir |
MOA: -block enzyme that stimulates synthesis of new viral genomes. -impaired replication
Indications: Influenza A, B (given w/in 2 days of onset of manifestations) Contraindications: known drug allergy, lactating women, children< 12 months of age, pregnancy Adverse effects: Interactions: Lab values:CBC, CMP, pregnancy test, renal function, liver function, sputum Class: Anti-influenza Dosages: 75mg twice daily for 5 days Misc: begin w/in 2-days or onset of symptoms |
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Assessment |
-Head to toe assessment -assess and document allergies (sulfa) -assess nutritional status -assess baseline vital signs -evaluate OTC med use -assess labs (CBC, CMP, pregnancy test, renal function, liver function, sputum) -previous medical history -assess patient knowledge level |
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Implementation |
-Appropriate Techniques -Hand washing -Standard precautions -Monitor for superinfections -Take with meals to prevent GI upset -Do not crush capsules -Use finger cot or gloves w/ topical preparations -Parenteral forms must be given slowly over 1 hr or more to prevent renal tubular damage (b/c of toxicity) -Encourage adequate hydration during infusion and after to prevent crystalluria -Carefully monitor infusion site -Common side effects of acyclovir are nausea, diarrhea, and headache -Suck on sugarless candy for dry mouth -Monitor for orthostasis -Educate about photosensitivity |
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Evaluation |
-Monitor for adverse effects -Monitor for therapeutic effects -Montior for toxicity -Reevaluate an modify the plan of care as needed |
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Antivirals |
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