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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Since the alpha particle is an extremely large particle it makes sense that it originates with very small/medium/large nuclides
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large
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What is the definition of specific ionization?
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it is a measurement of the number of ionizations for a specific distance
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Which particle emmission has the highest specific ionization?
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alpha
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The line of stability on a Segre' chart is where the number of protons and the number of neutrons are in a/an excited/non-excited state
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non-excited
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With beta decay a neutron is transformed into a _______, _____ particle, an _______ and possibly ______ radiation
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proton, beta particle, anti-neutrino, gamma
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With positron decay a _______ is transformed into a neutron, _____ particle, an _______ and possibly ______ radiation
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proton, positron (beta +), neutrino, gamma
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With electron capture a _________ combines with an ______ __________ and turns into a ________, a neutrino and possibly gamma radiation
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proton, inner electron, neutron
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Beta decay is
isomeric isotonic isobaric isotopic |
isobaric
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Beta plus decay is
isomeric isotonic isobaric isotopic |
isobaric
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Gamma decay is
isomeric isotonic isobaric isotopic |
isomeric
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Electron capture is
isomeric isotonic isobaric isotopic |
isobaric
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The change from one element to another is called
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transmutation
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The output from internal conversion is
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an electron, which is called a conversion electron
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All forms of radioactive decay operate under which physics laws
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law of conservation of charge
law of conservation of energy law of conservation of mass |
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Nuclides on either side of the line of stability on the Segre' chart are
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unstable
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When a nuclide is unstable and has more protons than neutrons, which type of decay results?
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electron capture or positron
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It is unlikely to find this type of radioactivity in the bottom 2/3 of the Segre' chart?
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alpha
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When an 'm' is seen to the right of the A number, what does that mean?
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metastable, the nuclide is in an excited state for a long period of time, half-life > 10^(-9 ) seconds
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What is the ultimate fate of an alpha particle?
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Helium atom
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What is the ultimate fate of a beta particle
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combines with nearby matter
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What is the ultimate fate of the positron (3 things)
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annihilation
2 gamma particles release of 1022 MeV of energy |
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What is the direction of the gamma particles created from the annihilation of a positron and an electron?
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180 degrees opposite
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The energy from beta emission is shared between
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the beta particle and the anti-neutrino
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On average, the beta particle gets what part of the total energy of the radiation
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one third
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The original ionization caused by a particle emission is called
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primary
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Ionizations caused after the original ionization is called
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secondary
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A charged particle emission looses how much kinetic energy per ionizaiton
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34 eV
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The specific ionization for the alpha particle is
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60,000 ion pairs / cm
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The specific ionization for the beta particle is
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45 ion pairs / cm
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The specific ionization for the positron particle is
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45 ion pairs / cm
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When a nuclide has more _________ than ________ it decays by beta radiation
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neutrons, protons
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