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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How is nitrogen used in an organism
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proteins and nucleic acids
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how are nitrates taken up from the soil by plants
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active transport
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what are the four main stages of the nitrogen cycle
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ammonification, nitrification, nitrogen fixation, denitrification
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what microorganisms are involved
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saprobiotic
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What is ammonification
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the production of ammonia from organic ammonium containing compounds
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examples of ammonium containing compounds
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urea, proteins, nucleic acids and vitamins
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what carries out ammonification and how
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saprobiotic by feeding on the ammonium containing compounds and releasing ammonia which forms ammonium ions in the soil
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what is nitrification
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the conversion of ammonium ions to nitrate ions
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what carries out nitrification
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nitrifying bacteria
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stage 1 of nitrification
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oxidations of ammonium ions to nitrite ions
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stage 2 of nitrification
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oxidation of nitrite ions to nitrate ions
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Why are air spaces important for nitrification
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because nitrifying bacteria require oxygen and it raises productivity
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what is nitrogen fixation
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process by which nitrogen gas is converted into nitrogen containing compounds
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when does nitrogen fixation take place
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when lighting passes through the atmosphere, industrially, in the soil by microorganisms
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what are the two types of microorganisms that carry out nitrogen fixation
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free living nitrogen fixing bacteria
mutualistic nitrogen fixing bacteria |
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How does free living nitrogen fixing bacteria carry out nitrogen fixation
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by reducing gaseous nitrogen to ammonia and then use to manufacture amino acids
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How does mutualistic free living nitrogen fixing bacteria carry out nitrogen fixation
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by obtaining carbohydrates from the plant and the plant acquires amino acids from the bacteria
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what is denitrifciation
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when soil nitrates are converted into gaseous nitrogen
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when does denitrification take place
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when soil becomes waterlogged and there is a short supply of oxygen
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what type of microorganism carries out denitrification
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anaerobic denitrifying bacteira
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is denitrification good or bad and why
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bad because it reduces the availability of nitrogen containing compouns for theplants
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what is leaching
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process by which nutrients are removed from the soil
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how does leaching take place
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rain water dissolves any soluble nutrients such as nitrates and carry them deep into the soil
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how does leaching affect rivers and streams
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the dissolved nitrates make there way to the watercourse and can then have harmful affects
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what is eutrophication
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process by which nutrients build up in the bodies of water
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