New Orleans History

Front 1

1682

Back 1

La Salle (René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de la Salle) claims the center of the North American Continent for Louis XIV

Front 2

1699

Back 2

French Canadian brothers, Iberville (Pierre le Moyne, Sieur d'Iberville) and Bienville (Jean Baptiste le Moyne, Sieur de Bienville), arrive to found the French Colony

Front 3

1718

Back 3

Jean Baptiste le Moyne, Sieur de Bienville (Bienville) founded New Orleans at the "beautiful crescent in the river"

Front 4

1719

Back 4

Slaves first arrive in New Orleans

Front 5

1722

Back 5

First complete plan for the city of New Orleans created & implemented by Adrien de Pauger

Front 6

1724

Back 6

Bienville introduced the Code Noir in the Louisiana colony

Front 7

1727

Back 7

Ursuline nuns arrive for education and improvement of the city

Front 8

1729

Back 8

Natchez Indians revolt

Front 9

1763

Back 9

Louisiana (except for New Orleans) transferred from France (Louis XV) to Spain (Carlos III) by the Treaty of Paris

Jesuits expelled from Louisiana; Jesuit property just upriver from the Vieux Carré confiscated

Front 10

1769

Back 10

General O’Reillly arrived with 2000 soldiers to claim Louisiana for Spain and subsequently punished French resistance leaders for treason

Front 11

1788

Back 11

"Great Fire" or "Good Friday Fire" burns approximately 80% of the city of New Orleans

Front 12

1794

Back 12

Jean-Etienne de Boré discovers how to granulate sugar;

Second "Great Fire" burns large number of buildings in the Vieux Carré

Front 13

1795

Back 13

Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin, forever changing "field labor" and plantation life

Front 14

1803

Back 14

All of the Louisiana territory, which included parts of what are now 15 American states, transferred from France (Napoleon) to the United States (Thomas Jefferson) in what is known as the Louisiana Purchase

Front 15

1812

Back 15

Nicholas Roosevelt and wife Lydia Latrobe arrived on Steamboat New Orleans, the first steamboat in territorial waters;

Louisiana admitted to the United States of America as it's 18th state

Front 16

Jefferson Davis

Back 16

Statue at Jefferson Davis Parkway and Canal Street

1911; figured standing with raised arm

Edward Virginius, sculptor

Front 17

1815

Back 17

The Battle of New Orleans, in which uniquely American troops under Andrew Jackson defeat the British under Edward Pakenham at what is now the Chalmette Battlefield

Front 18

1832

Back 18

"Lafayette” (Garden District) was founded by Samuel Peters

Front 19

1853

Back 19

Yellow Fever outbreak resulting in deaths of approximately 10,000 New Orleanians

Front 20

1856

Back 20

Krewe of Comus founded, first parade at Mardi Gras

Front 21

1861-1865

Back 21

Civil War between the United States of America (Union) and the Cofederate States of America (Confederacy); also known as the War Between the States or the War of Nothern Aggression

Front 22

1862

Back 22

The City of New Orleans surrendered to Union forces under commander David Farragut, and Benjamin F. Butler assumed command of the City

Front 23

1872

Back 23

Krewe of Rex is founded to honour Grand Duke Alexii of Russia; first Rex parade on Mardi Gras day

Front 24

1884

Back 24

Cotton Exposition held on the site of Audubon Park

Front 25

1896

Back 25

Plessey v Ferguson case ends with 'seperate but equal' ruling by court It was not overturned until 1954 with Brown vs Bd of Education (Topeka KS)

Front 26

1897-1917

Back 26

Years that Storyville flourished

Front 27

1936

Back 27

Vieux Carré Commission is founded under leadership of Elizabeth Werlein

Front 28

1960

Back 28

Year that Ruby Bridges integrates William Frantz Elementary School at 3811 N Galvez

Front 29

2005

Back 29

Hurricane Katrina and subsequent levee breaches/water intrusion devastate New Orleans

Front 30

Louis XIV

Back 30

French King for whom Louisiana was named and claimed

Front 31

Cavelier, René-Robert, Sieur de la Salle

Back 31

French explorer who claimed the Mississippi River Basin (later the Louisiana colony) for France in 1682; killed by his own men in 1687

Front 32

Le Moyne, Pierre, Sieur d’Iberville (?-1706)

Back 32

French Canadian who founded the French colony of Louisiana in 1699

Front 33

Crozat, Antoine

Back 33

Wealthy French banker granted control of the Louisiana colony by charter from Louis XIV in 1712

Front 34

Le Moyne, Jean Baptiste, Sieur de Bienville

Back 34

French Canadian explorer and founder of New Orleans in 1718; three-time Governor of Louisiana colony

Front 35

Law, John

Back 35

Scotsman, founder of the Banque de France and president of the Company of the West (Company of the Indies after 1719) who pushed investments in Lousiana and immigrants to the colony beginning in 1717

Front 36

Réal, Elizabeth, Veuve Pascal ou Marin

Back 36

1770s innkeeper and owner of "Madame John’s Legacy” house on Dumaine St.

Front 37

Hachard, Marie-Madeline, Soeur Stanislas

Back 37

Ursuline sister who arrived in 1727 and wrote of her experiences in New Orleans

Front 38

Louis XV

Back 38

Great-grandson of Louis XIV, nephew of New Orleans namesake, Philippe II, duc d'Orleans (who served as his Regent); King of France at the time of New Orleans founding in 1718 and responsible for the transfer of Louisiana to Charles III in the Treaties of Fountainebleu (1762) and Paris (1763)

Front 39

de Ulloa, Antoine

Back 39

Scientist, naval officer and first Spanish Governor of Louisiana (1766-1768) appointed by Charles III; expelled by local rebels resisting Spanish authority in 1768, died in Havana

Front 40

O’Reilly, General Alexander

Back 40

Irish soldier of fortune and second Governor of Louisiana (1769-1770) under Spanish rule; arrived in Louisiana in 1769 after Ulloa's departure; squelched resistance to Spanish rule by punishing instigators for treason

Front 41

de Sedella, Antonio (aka Pere Antoine) (1730-1829)

Back 41

Spanish Capuchin priest both sent to Louisiana as a representative of the Inquisition and send back to Spain by Governor Miro in 1788; returned to New Orleans in 1795 as a much-loved pastor; said to be an associate of Marie Laveau

Front 42

de Galvez y Madrid, Bernardo

Back 42

Spanish Governor of Louisiana (1777-1785), husband of Creole Felicie de St. Maxent d'Estrehan; known for his financial & military support of the American revolution against the English; memorialized by a statue at Spanish Plaza

Front 43

Almonester y Roxas, Andres (1725-1798)

Back 43

Wealthy Spanish businessman, civic leader, and real-estate developer who provided funds for rebuilding the St. Louis Cathedral after the fire of 1788 and for the building of the Cabildo; father of Micaela, Baroness de Pontalba

Front 44

Calvé, Julie (1846-1898)

Back 44

French native and star of New Orleans French Opera production Les Huguenots; wife of Charles Boudousquié and music teacher

Front 45

Pollock, Oliver (1737-1823)

Back 45

Irish-born merchant who rendered financial assistance to the American cause during the Revolutionary War; became a U. S. Commercial Agent with diplomatic standing and invented the $ symbol for American currency.

Front 46

Nuñez, Vincent José

Back 46

Treasurer of the Spanish Military responsible for accidentally starting the 1788 fire.

Front 47

Hector, Francisco Luis, Baron de Carondelet

Back 47

Spanish Governor of Louisiana (1791-1797) responsible for civic improvements including building the canal named for him (later the Old Basin Canal), instituting a night-time police force, building forts and ditches, and starting the first newspaper, Moniteur de la Louisiane

Front 48

de Boré, Jean-Etienne (1741-1820)

Back 48

Invented the process for granulating sugar in 1794; appointed first Mayor of New Orleans (1803-1804)

Front 49

Livingston, Robert

Back 49

Helped the United States (Thomas Jefferson) negotiate the Louisiana Purchase with France (Napoleon) for $15 million; Investor in the Steamboat New Orleans; namesake of Livingston St.

Front 50

Claiborne, William Charles Cole (1775-1817)

Back 50

First Governor of Louisiana as an American territory (1803-1812) and as a state (1812-1816)

Front 51

Girod, Nicolas

Back 51

First elected Mayor of New Orleans (1812-1817); owner of what is now called the Napoleon House on Chartres St.

Front 52

Lafitte, Jean (1780-1825)

Back 52

Famous pirate (privateer) and smuggler, pardoned because of his participation on behalf of the United States at the Battle of New Orleans in 1815.

Front 53

Roosevelt, Nicholas

Back 53

Businessman and investor in steamboat New Orleans which arrived in New Orleans on 1812; married to Lydia Latrobe

Front 54

Jackson, Andrew (1765-1845)

Back 54

U. S. General in the War of 1812, and hero of the Battle of New Orleans in 1815; subsequently became President of the United States; namesake of Jackson Square

Front 55

Latrobe, Benjamin (1764-1820)

Back 55

Architect and engineer known for work on U. S. Capitol and Philadelphia Waterworks; designed the central tower of the St. Louis Cathedral; died in New Orleans from Yellow Fever & is interred in the Protestant section of St. Louis Cemetery #1

Front 56

Peters, Samuel

Back 56

Entrepreneur and developer of the American section of New Orleans (Garden District) called Lafayette

Front 57

de Marigny, Bernard

Back 57

Gambler, plantation owner and developer of the Faubourg Marigny. In 1794 hosted the fabled Dinner of the Golden Plates to future French King Louis Philippe of France.

Front 58

Clark, Daniel (1766-1813)

Back 58

Irish-American merchant and landowner who assisted President Jefferson in negotiations leading to the Louisiana Purchase, and participant in the duel wounding Governor Claiborne

Front 59

Morphy, Paul Charles (1837-1884)

Back 59

Native New Orleanean and international chess champion considered to be one of the greatest players of all time; born on Chartres St in the house his grandfather built, now known as the Beauregard-Keyes House

Front 60

Laveau, Marie (1783-1881)

Back 60

Mulatto hairdresser and Voodoo priestess (called the "Voodoo Queen of New Orleans") known for her charms, remedies, and advice

Front 61

Rillieux, Norbert (1806-?)

Back 61

Free man of color who, while in Paris (1830-1832), discovered the multiple evaporation process of making sugar

Front 62

McDonogh, John (1779-1850)

Back 62

Wealthy, Baltimore-born merchant and plantation-owner known for manumission of slaves whose bequests funded the New Orleans and Baltimore public school systems.

Front 63

Almonester, Michaela, Baroness de Pontalba (1795-1874)

Back 63

Daughter and sole heiress of wealthy real-estate mogul, Andres Almonester; wife of Joseph Xavier Celestin Delfau de Pontalba; responsible for construction of the Pontalba Buildings flanking Jackson Square

Front 64

Clemens, Samuel

Back 64

Mississippi River steamboat pilot, visitor to New Orleans, and, under pen name Mark Twain, the greatest American humorist author of the 19th century

Front 65

Cable, George Washington (1844-1925)

Back 65

Author of novels and short stories about Louisiana, often using uncomplementary characterizations and inciting animosity of Louisiana Creoles

Front 66

Beauregard, Pierre Gustave Toutant (1818-1893)

Back 66

Confederate General best known for firing first shot at Fort Sumter; president of New Orleans and Carrollton Railroad; advocate of civil (suffrage) rights of freed slaves; advocate of corrupt Louisiana Lottery; one-time resident of what is now the Beauregard-Keyes House on Chartres St

Front 67

Farragut, David

Back 67

Union captain (later Admiral) who captured New Orleans during the Civil War in 1862.

Front 68

Dunn, Oscar

Back 68

First black Lt Governor of Louisiana during Reconstruction

Front 69

Pinchback, Pinckney Benton Stewart (1837-1921)

Back 69

Mulatto politician who became Lt. Governor of Louisiana, then acted as Governor of Louisiana (1872-1873) during Reconstruction

Front 70

Plessey, Homer

Back 70

Plaintiff in Plessey v Ferguson, in which he argued that the Louisiana law which required East Louisiana Railroad to segregate trains had denied him his rights under the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments

Front 71

Arlington, Josie

Back 71

Well-known Storyville madam

Front 72

Delille, Henriette

Back 72

Octaroon daughter of Jean Baptiste Sarpy, place, and founder of the Sisters of the Holy Family, the first African American catholic order (1837)

Front 73

Seelos, Francis Xavier

Back 73

Bavarian Priest who served the poorest and most abandoned souls at St Mary's Assumption Church in 1866

Front 74

Lafon, Thomy (1810-1893)

Back 74

Black philanthopist and businessman who gave the Orleans Ballroom (the meeting place for Quadroons in the Plaçage system) to Henriette Delille for the Sisters of the Holy Family Convent (now the Bourbon-Orleans Hotel)

Front 75

Haugherty, Margaret

Back 75

Illiterate Irish orphan who founded a dairy and bakery after deaths of her husband and child and contributed personally and financially to feeding the poor and housing orphans; memorialized in statue at Camp and Prytania Sts, near where she helped found St Theresa’s Orphanage.

Front 76

Drexel, Katherine

Back 76

Millionaire nun who founded Xavier University to be the first university for black students in the United States

Front 77

Werlein, Elizabeth

Back 77

Historical preservationist who led the movement to save the French Quarter in the 1930s

Front 78

Faulkner, William

Back 78

Author and New Orleans transplant who wrote his first novel "Soldier’s Pay" in Pirates Alley

Front 79

Williams, Tennessee

Back 79

Playwright who move to New Orleans in 1939 as part of the WPA writers project; known for "A Streetcar Named Desire" about New Orleans and several other plays; honored in an annual literary festival in New Orleans

Front 80

Bridges, Ruby

Back 80

The first black child to integrate a white school, Wm Frantz Elementary, in 1960

Front 81

Capote, Truman (1924-1986)

Back 81

New Orleans native and bestselling author

Front 82

de Pauger, Adrien

Back 82

French engineer who laid out the city of New Orleans (Vieux Carré) in grid format with rectangular blocks of twelve lots each, with each block bordered by named streets and drainage ditches.

Front 83

du Pratz, Antoine-Simon le Page (1695-1775)

Back 83

Holland-born author of Historie de la Louisiane; settler on Bayou St. John; slave trader and manager of the Company of the Indies

Front 84

de Marigny de Mandeville, Antoine Philippe (1772-?)

Back 84

Stepson of royal engineer Ignace Broutin; grandfather of Bernard de Marigny; namesake of City of Mandeville and Mandeville St in New Orleans

Front 85

La Salle St

Back 85

Named for the explorer who claimed Louisiana (Mississippi River Basin) for Louis XIV in 1682

Front 86

Crozat St

Back 86

Named for wealthy Frenchman who was granted the charter for the Louisiana colony in 1712

Front 87

Bienville St

Back 87

Named for French-Canadian founder of New Orleans and three-time governor of Louisiana under French rule

Front 88

Iberville St

Back 88

Named for the "father of Louisiana" who founded the Louisiana colony in 1699

Front 89

Ulloa St

Back 89

Named for first Governor of Louisiana under Spanish rule

Front 90

Chase, John Churchill (1905-1986)

Back 90

Noted cartoonist, historian, and author, well known for his book Frenchmen, Desire, Good Children . . . about the historical importance of New Orleans street names; namesake of a City street

Front 91

Galvez St

Back 91

Named for the popular Spanish Governor of Louisiana who campaigned against the English and supported the American cause during the American Revolution.

Front 92

Napoleon Ave

Back 92

Named for the French Emperor who sold the Louisiana colony to the United States in 1803

Front 93

Kerlérec St

Back 93

Named for the French Governor of Louisiana accused of stealing from the colony, recalled to France and improsoned, but later exonerated

Front 94

Almonester Blvd

Back 94

Named for Spanish alcalde, financier, and real-estate mogul who funded several land and building projects, including the rebuilding of St Louis Cathedral after the Great Fire of 1788

Front 95

Kenner, Duncan Farrar (1813-1887)

Back 95

Active supporter of the Confederate cause, and later instrumental in ridding the state of carpetbaggers and scalawags

Front 96

Dauphine St

Back 96

Named for the title given to wife of the male heirs to the French throne

Front 97

Burgundy St

Back 97

Named for a brother of the French King (name shared with a wine region of France)

Front 98

Deslondes St

Back 98

Named for the slave who led the most serious slave revolt in Louisiana, which started at Woodland Plantation in 1811.

Front 99

Chartres St

Back 99

Street named for a brother of King Louis XIV (name shared with a cathedral town in France)

Front 100

Rampart St

Back 100

Named for the palisade that surrounded the Vieux Carré in the 18th century.

Front 101

Lake Ponchartrain

Back 101

Lake (actually a large estuary) named for the French Minister of the Marine under Louis XIV

Front 102

The Rigolets

Back 102

A strait between Lake Pontchartrain and the Gulf of Mexico, whose name translated as “trench” or “gutter” in 18th century French

Front 103

Felicity St

Back 103

Named for the Creole wife of Govennor Galvez, daughter of the French planter D’estrehan

Front 104

Touro St

Back 104

Street named for the Sephardic Jewish merchant and benefactor who also established an infimary and a synagogue that bear his name

Front 105

Miro St

Back 105

Named for Spanish Governor who was in office during the fire of 1788, and also turned American James Wilkinson as a Spanish spy

Front 106

Decatur St

Back 106

Named for the American Naval hero from New Orleans who sacked Tripoli and broke the power of the Barbary Pirates to make the Mediteranean safe.

Front 107

Audubon Ave

Back 107

Named for the American naturalist and artist who chronicled the flora and fauna of the Louisiana Purchase

Front 108

Carondelet St

Back 108

Named for the Spanish Governor most known as for his civic improvement projects

Front 109

de Lemos y Amorin, Manuel Luis Gayoso

Back 109

The only Spanish Governor of Louisiana (1797-1799) buried in New Orleans; successor to Carondelet

Front 110

Claiborne Ave

Back 110

Named for the first Governor of Louisiana as both a territory and state of the United States of America

Front 111

Bayou St John

Back 111

Waterway that formed a shortcut from the river to Lake Ponchartrain

Front 112

Carrollton Ave

Back 112

Named for a War of 1812 General whose Tennessee troops were quartered on the McCarty Plantation during the Battle of New Orleans

Front 113

Ursuline St

Back 113

Named for the first religious community of women to be established in Louisiana whose convent-building in New Orleans is the oldest surviving building in the Mississippi river valley

Front 114

Antoine’s

Back 114

Restaurant established in 1841, making it the oldest continuously-operating restaurant in New Orleans

Front 115

Pauger Ave

Back 115

Named for the Frenchman who laid out the Vieux Carré in 1724

Front 116

Napoleon House

Back 116

Name given to the Girod House on Chartres St and to the bar/restaurant now housed there

Front 117

Henriette Delille Street

Back 117

Named for the first African American saint and founder of the Sisters of the Holy Family

Front 118

Audubon Park

Back 118

Enormous park created from former sugar cane plantation of Etienne de Boré

Front 119

City Park

Back 119

Park built by the WPA in the 1930s incorporating the old Allard plantation of dueling fame.

Front 120

Tulane Ave

Back 120

Named for the founder of the New Orleans medical college that also bears his name

Front 121

Basin St

Back 121

Named for the turning basin of the 19th century Pontchartrain canal

Front 122

Milneberg

Back 122

Community on Lake Pontchartrain named for a noted Jewish businessman who also bequeathed funds for a boys home named for him

Front 123

Girod St

Back 123

Named for first elected Mayor of New Orleans who served from 1812 to 1815

Front 124

Lafitte St

Back 124

Named for the Baratarian Pirates (privateers and smugglers) and heroes of the Batle of New Orleans

Front 125

Jackson Square

Back 125

Main square of Vieux Carré named for the American General and hero of the Battle of New Orleans

Front 126

Latrobe St

Back 126

Named for New Orleans transplant, engineer, and architect of the U. S. Capitol also known for waterworks projects in Philadelphia and New Orleans

Front 127

Peters St

Back 127

Named for founder of Lafayette community (now Garden District neighborhood of New Orleans)

Front 128

The Faubourg Marigny

Back 128

Neighborhood just downriver from the French Quarter developed from the plantation holdings and under the supervision of its namesake

Front 129

de Unzaga y Amezaga, Luis

Back 129

Third Spanish Governor of Louisiana (1770-1777)

Front 130

Almonester Blvd

Back 130

Named for the real-estate developer and businessman responsible for funding construction of the Cabildo and the Cathedral after the 1788 fire.

Front 131

Spanish Fort (Fort St Jean)

Back 131

The fort established on Lake Ponchartrain by the French; Marie Laveau chose this spot for Voodoo ceremonies; late in the 19th century it was an amusement park reached by a pleasure railway.

Front 132

Kohlmeyer, Ida (?-1997)

Back 132

Famous Jewish-American artist who lived and worked in New Orleans

Front 133

Storyville

Back 133

The first official red-light district in the US named for the politician who tried to regulate prostitution.

Front 134

Shaw, Clay LaVerne (1913-1974)

Back 134

Preservationist and businessman known for founding of the World Trade Center; arraigned (subsequently tried and aquitted) for consipracy in the assassination of President Kennedy

Front 135

St Charles Avenue

Back 135

Grand Avenue beginning at Canal Street, running upriver; named for King Carlos III of Spain

Front 136

Banquette

Back 136

the (antiquated) French term for a sidewalk in New Orleans

Front 137

Wood, Albert Baldwin (1879-1956)

Back 137

Electrical engineer who invented 12-foot screw pumps, thus allowing for flood control and land drainage

Front 138

Creole Cottage

Back 138

1 1⁄2-story house with a gabled roof, the ridge of which is parallel to the street. The house normally has four rooms with no hallways and is built up to the front property line. In the rear it often has 'cabinets', small rooms connected by a back gallery. Often has french doors across the front.

Front 139

Creole Townhouse

Back 139

2 or 3 story house, galleried front, typically has a carriageway instead of an entrance door and no interior first floor hallway.

Front 140

American Townhouse

Back 140

2 or 3 story double galleried house with a grand front entrance door leading to an interior hallway. Townhouses usually have relatively few formal rooms, often with a smaller service wing behind.

Front 141

Center Hall Cottage

Back 141

House with a central hallway running from the front to the back, often with 2 small storage rooms (cabinets) to either side on the rear, flanking a rear service porch.

Front 142

Shotgun House

Back 142

A long narrow house 1 room wide and 3 to 5 rooms deep, with each room opening onto the next. These are often built as "doubles" (a duplex) with each side a mirror image of the other.

Front 143

Camelback House

Back 143

House built as a single level house but rising to a second story in the rear

Front 144

Creole style

Back 144

Building style melding of the French, Spanish and Caribbean architectural influences well suited to the demands of the hot, humid climat, popular up to the 1840s

Front 145

Greek Revival

Back 145

Building style based loosely on classical architecture, relying on pediments, classical columns, and symmetrically spaced windows and doors

Front 146

Italianate

Back 146

building style based on Renaissance buildings, typified by brackets on the eaves, a 'rustic' (i.e. quoined foundation) ground floor.

Front 147

Quoin

Back 147

decorative stonework (or wood cut to resemble stone) blocks on the corners of buildings. Associated with italianate and classical architecture.

Front 148

Queen Anne/Eastlake

Back 148

Building style popular in the 1870s that promoted asymmetry and unusual decorative features, like turrets, fancy millwork and stained glass windows.

Front 149

Arts and Crafts

Back 149

American building style popular in the early 1900s, often with wood shingle siding and either roughhewn masonry or rusticated concrete block

Front 150

Spanish Colonial Revival

Back 150

Building style popular in New Orleans in the 1920s-1940s characterized by stucco exterior walls, barley twist columns, tile roofs, wrought iron window grilles, and arched entryways

Front 151

Dependency

Back 151

The outbuildings of homes, collectively including stables, slave quarters, kitchens and laundries

Front 152

Doric

Back 152

One of the three orders of Greek architectural columns; characterized by the lack of a base and the concave grooves in the shaft of the column itself

Front 153

Ionic

Back 153

One of the three orders of Greek architectural columns; characterized by a base between the platform and the shaft of the column and the scrolled capital decorated with egg-and-dart detail

Front 154

Corinthian

Back 154

One of the three orders of Greek architectural columns; characterized a slender fluted column & and elaborate capital decorated with leaves and scrolls

Front 155

Cabinet

Back 155

Small storeroom that are often found in pairs at the rear of Creole homes in New Orleans

Front 156

bay

Back 156

An opening in the facade of a building

Front 157

Barracks St

Back 157

Named for the housing of the Spanish Army in colonial New Orleans

Front 158

1708

Back 158

First concessions of land in what would later become the City of New Orleans, granted to settlers along Bayou St. John

Front 159

1687

Back 159

René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de la Salle (LaSalle) killed by his own men

Front 160

1706

Back 160

Pierrre le Moyne, Sieur d'Iberville (Iberville) died

Front 161

1712

Back 161

Control of Louisiana colony transferred by Louis XIV to wealthy banker Antoine Crozat; Crozat's charter was for 15 years but he relinquished control back to the crowm in 1717.

Front 162

1713

Back 162

Antoine de la Mothe, Sieur de Cadillac, replaced Bienville as Governor of Louisiana under Crozat; he was notoriously undiplomatic and was replaced by Bienville in 1716

Front 163

1541

Back 163

Hernando de Soto discovers what is now the Mississippi River

Front 164

1762

Back 164

Louisiana, specifically including New Orleans, transferred from France to Spain under the Treaty of Fontainebleau

Front 165

English Turn

Back 165

The bend in the River so named because Bienville, in 1699, bluffed the English into turning their ship, the Carolina Gallery, and sailing back to the Gulf

Front 166

1874

Back 166

Citizens White League forces defeat the corrupt "carpetbag" Metropolitan Police Force in a heated battle at the foot of Canal St. (Liberty Monument erected in 1891 to commemorate the "Battle of Liberty Place")

Front 167

Andrew Jackson

Back 167

Statue at Jackson Square

1856; figured on his horse (one of 4 identical sculptures); Clark Mills sculptor

Front 168

Battle of New Orleans

Back 168

Obelisk at Chalmette National Battlefield

100-foot obelisk

Front 169

Benjamin Franklin

Back 169

Statue at Lafayette Square

1956; figured standing

Front 170

Bernardo de Galvez

Back 170

Statue at Spanish Plaza

1977; figured on his horse; Gift from Spain

Front 171

George Washington

Back 171

Statue at Civic Center

1960; bust, figured in Masonic dress; Gift from Freemasons

Front 172

Celtic Cross

Back 172

At Hibernian Memorial Park (formerly New Basin Canal Park), between West End & Canal Blvds

1990; Commemorating Irish laborers responsible for canal-building work

Front 173

Confederate Heroes

Back 173

Statues at Jefferson Davis Parkway and Canal Blvd

1957; Features Colonel Dreux (1st Confederate soldier from Louisiana killed in action), General Albert Pike, and Father A.J. Ryan

Front 174

deLesseps S. Morrison

Back 174

Statue at Civic Center (Duncan Plaza)

1965

Front 175

Morrison, deLesseps Story Sr. (1912-1964)

Back 175

Mayor of New Orleans (1946-1961); Ambassador to the Organization of American States, appointed by President Kennedy (1961-1964); 3-time Democratic contender for Louisiana governor's office; Monument at Civic Center (Duncan Plaza)

Front 176

Edward Douglass White

Back 176

Statue at Supreme Court Building (400 block Royal St)

1926; figured standing, in robes & holding law book

Front 177

White, Edward Douglass Jr. (1845-1921)

Back 177

Former Confederate soldier appointed to Louisiana Supreme Court in 1879, appointed to United States Supreme Court in 1894, and appointed as Chief Justice of the U. S. Supreme Court in 1910; his 1915 ruling on "grandfather clause" stuck down literacy testing for voters

Front 178

General P. G. T. Beauregard

Back 178

Statue at City Park entrance from Esplanade Ave

1915; figured on horseback

Alexander Doyle, sculptor

Front 179

General Robert E. Lee

Back 179

Statue at Lee Circle (Trivoli Circle), St Charles Ave

1884; 16 1/2 feet tall, figured standing atop 60-foot Doric column;

Alexander Doyle, sculptor

Front 180

Henry Clay

Back 180

Statue at Lafayette Square

1806 (original location at Canal St and St. Charles Ave., moved in 1901); Hyram Powers, sculptor

Front 181

Louis Armstrong

Back 181

1) Statue at Armstrong Park

Figured standing with trumpet in left hand, by side; Elizabeth Catlett, sculptor

2) Statue at Algiers Ferry landing on West Bank

2000; figured standing with trumpet in right hand, near face

Front 182

John McDonough

Back 182

1) Statue at Civic Center (Duncan Plaza)

bust on pedistal

2) Statue at Lafayette Square

1898; bust on column, with two children reaching up

Front 183

Krewe of Poydras

Back 183

Monument at 1515 Poydras Street

1982; 20-foot welded steel, painted in enamel; Ida Kohlmeyer, sculptor

Front 184

Latin American Heroes

Back 184

Statues at Basin Street near Canal Street

Features Simon Bolivar (gift from Venezuela, 1957), Benito Juarez (gift from Mexico, 1965), and General Francisco Morazon (gift from Honduras, 1966)

Front 185

Buddy Bolden

Back 185

1) Monument at Holt Cemetery

1998

2) Statue at Armstrong Park

2011, figured standing (three upper bodies in different positions, attached to one set of legs)

Front 186

Bolden, Charles Joseph "Buddy" (1877-1931)

Back 186

Considered the father of New Orleans Jazz; attributed with the creation of the "Big Four" rhythm; incapacitated by schizophrenia in 1907; buried in Holt Cemetery; memorialized by monument in Holt Cemetery and statue in Armstrong Park

Front 187

Margaret Gaffney Haughery

Back 187

Statue at Margaret Place (intersection of Camp, Prytania, & Clio Sts)

1884; figured seated with child

Andrew Doyle, sculptor

Front 188

Haughery, Margaret Gaffney (1813-1882)

Back 188

Irish-born orphan and widow known for her personal and financial support of orphans in New Orleans through her dairy and bakery, and her involvement with Sisters of Charity & St. Teresa's Orphan Asylum; statue of her at intersection of Clio, Camp, and Prytania Streets

Front 189

Molly Marine

Back 189

Statue at Elk Place and Canal Street

1943; standing figure of servicewoman

Front 190

Monument to Tile Makers

Back 190

At intersection of Bayou Rd, Esplanade Ave., and Tonti St.

1884 (first shown at Cotton Exposition at Audubon Park); Honors Terracotta tile; dedicated to Charles Gayarré

Front 191

Gayarré, Charles Etienne (1805-1895)

Back 191

Grandson of Etienne de Boré; part-time politician and author, known for leading Creoles in bitter controversy against George Washington Cable; Monumnet to Tile Makers dedicated to him

Front 192

Monument to Vietnamese and American Veterans of the Vietnam War

Back 192

At intersection of Basin and Iberville Sts

1988

Front 193

Mother Elizabeth Seton

Back 193

Statue at Tulane Ave

Front 194

Ocean Song

Back 194

Sculpture at Woldenburg Riverfront Park

1989; 16-foot kinetic steel; John Scott, sculptor

Front 195

Women of the Armed Forces

Back 195

Monument at Elk Place, between Canal and Tulane Sts

1962

Front 196

Piazza d'Italia

Back 196

(Italian Plaza)

At Poydras and Tchoupitoulas Sts

Front 197

Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr.

Back 197

Statue at Martin Luther King Blvd at S. Claiborne St.

1976; Frank Hayden, sculptor

Front 198

Macarty Arch (aka 9th Ward Victory Arch)

Back 198

Monument at Burgundy St, between Alvar & Pauline Sts

1919; dedicated to 9th Ward Veterans of WWI

Front 199

Saint Francis Xavier Cabrini

Back 199

Statue at Harrison Ave & Canal Blvd

Front 200

Saint Joan of Arc

Back 200

Statue at fork of Decatur and North Peters Sts, at intersection with St. Philip St.

1972; figured on horseback holding flag;

gift from France

Front 201

Sophie B. Wright

Back 201

Statue at Sophie B. Wright Place & Magazine St.

1988; Enrique Alferez, sculptor

Front 202

Spanish-American War Veterans (aka "The Hiker")

Back 202

Statue at Loyola Ave & Poydras St.

1939; Theo Alice Ruggles Kitson, sculptor

Front 203

Wright, Sophie Bell (1866-1912)

Back 203

Teacher and humanitarian responsible for night schools and many social-service agencies in New Orleans; monument at Sophie B. Wright Place & Magazine St.

Front 204

Spring, Summer, Winter, Fall (aka Four Seasons)

Back 204

At four corners of Jackson Square

1850-1852

Front 205

Vietnam War Memorial

Back 205

At Mercedez-Benz Superdome, Poydras St

1987

Front 206

Wading Pool Sculptures

Back 206

At City Park

Enrique Alferez, sculptor

Front 207

Winston Churchill

Back 207

Statue at Hilton Hotel (Churchill Circle), foot of Poydras St

1977; Ivor Roberts-Jones, sculptor; donated by International Rivercenter

Front 208

Holocaust Memorial

Back 208

At Woldenberg Riverfront Park

2003; Yaacov Agam, artist

Front 209

Tom Benson

Back 209

Statue at Mercedes-Benz Superdome (near Champion Square)

2014; figured standing, arms raised, holding Lombardi trophy

Front 210

Ambrose, Stephen (1936-2002)

Back 210

Prolific author & historian; founder of the D-Day Museum (now National World War II Museum)

Front 211

Armstrong, Louis "Satchmo" (1900-1971)

Back 211

Extremely popular New Orleans native; prolific Jazz musician and performer; celebrated annually at the Satchmo Festival; namesake of Armstrong Park; commemorated in statue at both Armstrong Park and the Algiers Ferry terminal

Front 212

Audubon, Jean-Jacques Fougère (John James) (1785-1851)

Back 212

Orinthologist and artist; namesake of Audubon Park, Audubon Street, and the Audubon Institute (including the Audubon Zoo, Aquarium, and Insectarium)

Front 213

Barelli, I. T. (1800-1858)

Back 213

Planner of the tomb of the Italian Mutual Benefit Society (aka "Hex Tomb") in St. Louis Cemetery #1

Front 214

Beluche, Renato (1780-1860)

Back 214

Privateer under Jean Lafitte; served under Dominique You in the Battle of New Orleans and underr Simon Bolivar in the Independence of Gran Columbia

Front 215

1723

Back 215

Capital of Louisiana colony moved to New Orleans

Front 216

de Villars, Claude-Joseph Dubreuil

Back 216

Rice & indigo farmer and factory owner in 1724 & 1725. known for constructing the first levee in New Orleans and the canal from the River to Bayou Barataria (current location of Harvey Canal)

Front 217

1730

Back 217

First Ursuline Convent built

Front 218

de Périer, Étienne

Back 218

Governor of Louisiana (1727-1733) during the Natchez Indian Reovlt of 1729; replaced by Bienville

Front 219

de Rigaud, Pierre Franςois, Marquis de Vaudreuil-Cavagnal (1698-1778)

Back 219

Governor of Louisiana (1743-1753) responsible for making New Orleans a center of gaiety and culture; known as the Grand Marquis

Front 220

Billouart, Louis de Kerlerec (1704-1770)

Back 220

Governor of Louisiana (1953-1763) recalled to France and imprisoned there until 1769, exonerated in 1770

Front 221

Benjamin, Judah P. (1811-1880)

Back 221

Confederate Secretary of War and State and one-time resident of Bourbon Street, who, after having been exiled, lived in England and gained international fame as a lawyer

Front 222

Boggs, Corrine C. "Lindy" (1916- )

Back 222

Congresswoman from Louisiana since the disappearance of her husband, Congressman Hale Boggs, in 1973; descendant of Governor W.C.C. Claiborne

Front 223

d'Abbadie, Jean-Jacques Blaise

Back 223

French Governor of Louisiana (1763-1766) after the transfer of Louisiana to Spain by the Treaty of Paris, but before Spain officially took control of the colony

Front 224

Aubry, Charles Philippe

Back 224

Last French Governor of Louisiana (1765-1766) responsible for relinquishing control of the colony to Spain; known for facilitating friction between civilians and the new Spanish leadership

Front 225

Jackson, Mahalia (1911-1972)

Back 225

Civil-rights spokesperson, performer, and recording star; namesake of the Mahalia Jackson Theater of the Performing Arts in Armstrong Park

Front 226

Long, Huey Pierce (1893-1935)

Back 226

Governor of Louisiana (1928-1932), U. S. Senator, Presidential aspirant, creator of "Share Our Wealth" program; assassinated at state capitol in Baton Rouge

Front 227

Longstreet, James (1821-1904)

Back 227

Confederate Brigadier General who became Republican during Reconstruction; appointed Minister to Turkey by President Grant

Front 228

Maestri, Robert (1889-1974)

Back 228

Mayor of New Orleans (1936-1946) known for reorganizing fiscal policies and instituting municipal improvements

Front 229

Danna, Dr. Joseph Anthony (1877-1954)

Back 229

Namesake of Danna Student Center at Loyola University; Tulane graduate (1901), Hotel Dieu physician, and Charity surgeon; knighted by King of Italy and appointed to the Knights of St. Gregory by Pope

Front 230

Delgado, Isaac (1839-1912)

Back 230

Jamaican-born businessman, sugar-dealer, and philanthropist who founded the New Orleans Museum of Art (which originally bore his name) & whose bequest provided for the current location of the community college bearing his name

Front 231

Dilbert, Eve Butterworth (1864-1938)

Back 231

Philanthropist who made monetary gifts to the Tuberculosis Hospital, the residence of the Sisters of Charity, and a school, all in her husband John's name

Front 232

Dixon, Dave (1923-2010)

Back 232

Conceived & originated plan to build the Superdome; organized the U. S. Football League

Front 233

du Pratz, Antoinne-Simon Le Page (1695-1775)

Back 233

Holland-born planter, slave-trader, and writer who managed Company of the Indies and the King's Farm; author of 3-volume historical reference Histoire de la Louisiane

Front 234

de Marigny de Mandeville, Antoine Philippe (1772-?)

Back 234

Colony-born stepson of royal engineer Ignace Broutin, grandfather of Bernard de Marigny; builder of summer home on north shore of Lake Pontchartrain at current location of the community that bears his name.

Front 235

Embargo Act of 1807

Back 235

Act passed under Thomas Jefferson, prohibiting the shipment of American goods to either England or France; caused serious economic consequences in New Orleans, and was proximal cause of War of 1812

Front 236

Jahncke, Fritz

Back 236

Constructed the first paved streets in New Orleans, from 1876-1880, brought about the formation of the Sewerage and Water Board, and developed the New Basin Canal, bringing sand and shells from Lake Pontchartrain

Front 237

1795

Back 237

Opening of the Carondelet Canal (later Old Basin Canal), connecting the City with Bayou St. John; Almonester rebuilds Cathedral, Cabildo, & 1st floor of Presbytere.

Front 238

1805

Back 238

City of New Orleans is incorporated

Front 239

1831

Back 239

The Pontchartrain Railroad (1st railroad west of the Alleghenies) offers freight and passenger service to Milneburg

Front 240

1836

Back 240

New charter divides City into three municipalities, each with its own board of aldermen

Front 241

1864

Back 241

Louisiana state constitution amended to abolish slavery

Front 242

1874

Back 242

The St. Louis Hotel is purchased by the State of Louisiana to serve as the State Capitol until the Capital is moved from New Orleans to Baton Rouge in 1882

Front 243

Governor Nicholls St

Back 243

Named for Civil War hero, double-amputee, and popular Reconstruction Governor of Louisiana (1877-1880)

Front 244

2010

Back 244

New Orleans Saints win Superbowl XLIV (for the 2009 season), defeating the Indianapolis Colts

Front 245

Tignon

Back 245

bandana-like headdress required for free women of color after 1796

Front 246

Quadroon

Back 246

person having 1/4 African (other than white) blood; child of a mulatto and a white person

Front 247

Octaroon

Back 247

person having 1/8 African (other than white) blood; child of a quadroon and a white person

Front 248

Mulatto

Back 248

person having 1/2 African (other than white) blood; child of a black person and a white person

Front 249

Porte-cochère

Back 249

gateway that allows vehicles to drive into a courtyard

Front 250

Code Noir

Back 250

Code of behavior governing conduct of slaves and slaveholders in all French colonies, introduced in Louisiana by Bienville in 1724

Front 251

de Periér, Étienne

Back 251

French Governor of Louisiana (1727-1733) during the worst Natchez revolt, replaced by Bienville

Front 252

1875

Back 252

Leper hospital built on Metairie Ridge (area then known as La Terre de Lepreux or Leper's Land); build on Governor Mirό's recommendation and with generous monetary support from Almonester