Neurscience Ch.1.

Front 1

what is neurpsych ?

Back 1

study of the relationship between bh and brain function and to develope a science of human behaviour based on the fuction of the human brain

Front 2

what strongly influ neurpsych

Back 2

1.brain hypothesis (brain=source of bh 2. neuron hypoth=the uit of brain structure and function is the neuron

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CEREBRAL CORTEX

Back 3

BRAINS THIN OUTER LAYER THE BARK OF THE BRAIN

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BUMPS IN THE BRAIN R CALLED
AND CRACKS

Back 4

GYRI
SULCI

Front 5

CEREBRAL SPINAL FLUID

Back 5

SALTY FLUID THAT MAY PLAN A ROLE N METABOLIC WASTE REMOVAL AND CUSHIONS BRAIN

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CEREBRAL CORTEX

Back 6

crinkled tissue that has folded over itself and covers most of brain, it expands from the front of the tube

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fissures

Back 7

large sulci

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two types of fissures

Back 8

longitiudinal that seperates the 2 hemispheres
lateral fissure that divides each hemiphere in half

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commisures and corpus colosum

Back 9

commisures =connected the two hmisphere, the largest is the colosm

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forebrain

Back 10

cerebral cortex makes up most of the forebrain, deelopes from the front part of the tube to back

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higher functions

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funcions oerformed in the forebrain, because involve thinking, perception and planning

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lower level functions

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regulatory and movement producing functions of brain stem and spinal cord

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How is the brain related to the rest of the nervous system

Back 13

JSDKSL

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central nervous system

Back 14

brain and spinal cord tht r protected by skull and vertibrae, which is connected to the rest of the body through nerve fibers

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Peripheral ervous sYSTEM

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made of nerve fibers that carry info to and from the CNS,

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true or false, damage to the CNS is perm. and the cns cannot regenerate damages tissue but the PNS can

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t

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sensory patheways

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made of nerve fibers that rel info rom 5 senses

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t or f, sensory patheays carry info form one side of the body to the opposite hemisphere by the sns (SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM)

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T

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SNS

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SUBDIVISION OF THE PNS
-- helps create current image of world, meoires of past events, xpectations about the future

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motor patheways

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nerve fibers that connect the brain and the spinal cord to the bodies muscles through the SNS

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autonomic nervous system

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pathways that control breathing, heart, stomch etc.
-subdivision of pns

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Descartes

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body=machine, mind decided what movemetns the machine shuold make
dualism-mind n body r seperate but interact
became, mind body problem

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darwin and materialism

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rationl bh can b fully explained by the nervous system

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Gal and Sperzheim

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-corte sends instructions to spinal cord to commnd movement of the muscles
ad the 2 hems of brain r conected by colloseum an ineract
gal=llocalization of function

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PHENOLOGY

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RELATION BETWEEN SKULL SURFACE AND and persons facutlties

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Lcalization of language

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really launched the discovery of neuropsych

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where did broca find speeech to b localized

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in he 3rd covoluion gyrus of the frontal lobe on left side of brain , broca disc.localization and lateralization

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diff between wernicke's and brocas

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wenicke's
damage in the first temp. gyrus
-no opposite side paralysis of body, paralysis of right arm n leg
-absence of meaning
-could hear, but could not uderstnd wat was said to them
-temporal lobe aphasia or fluent aphasia
-disproved strict localized view

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alexia

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loss in the aility to read
-disconnection btw visul area of brain and wernicke's area

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apraxia

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dsiconnection between motor areas from sensroy areas, inability to mak sequeces of movemetns

Front 31

what chllenged localization

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how people and animals recovered

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binding problem

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we have one memory, but it is stored in many different places , xtends form perceptive, to cognitive, to motor, all parts mediated by different structures

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actions in the left hem vs. the right hem.

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-left=lang, analytical, seuentia
right= mental tasks involving spatial and sythetic acts, music, pictures, facial recog

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visual form agnosia

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coulld not recog objct by shape, but could pparts

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visual ataxia

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d.scribe obj.accuratly, but make errors in reaching for them (moving toward)

Front 36

BRAIN REGION RESPONSIBLE FOR VISUAL AGNOSIA

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damage to the ventral stream between the visual cortex and temmporal lobe

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brain region associated with optic ataxia

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dorsal stream, damage from visual cortex to parietal cortex

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ventral stream
dorsal

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mediates actions controlled by conscious visual perception
-dorsal is uncoonscious visual percpetions

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neuron hypothesis

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-the unit of brain structure and fuction is the neuron
-neurons are discrete autonomous cells that interact but are not physically connected
-send electrical signals tht have a chem basis, n communicate using chem signals

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what 2 cells compose the nervous system and what is their diff

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neurons and glia
-eurons allow us to acquire nformtion, rcess it, and act on it
-glial, help neurons, hold them together, waste removal
-100 billion neurons n 10times as many glial cells

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tru or false, the coortex forms topographic neural reps of the diff parts of the boody

Back 41

true

Front 42

batholow's fidings

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demo'd tht electrical stimulation tech. can b used with a coscious person who can report the sensations felt b the stimulation

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synapses

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connect neurons
-chemicals flow in both directions in synapses
-changes in chemical flow ca b associated with learning

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hhebb

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tht plastic synpses r the structural bases for memory
-lerning synapses, fire together wire together,

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psychometrics

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the science fo measuring human mental abilities

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trephining

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hipocratese, , cutting a circular hole in the skull

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bond between psychology and neurology

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hebb

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Mulltiple sCLEROSIS

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cHARCOT
-DEGENERATIVE, LOSS OF SENSORY AND MOTOR FUNCTION DUE TO HARDENING OF NERVE FIBER PATHEWAYS IN SPINAL CORD

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mri

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CALC. THE LOCATION of moving molecules by detecting the electrical charge generated by their movement
-can determine the realtive concentration of of oxygen nd C02, AND CAN B USED TO DETEMRINE REGIONAL DIFFS IN BRAIN ACTIVITY

Front 50

CT

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XRAYS OF BRAIN