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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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MCA gives rise to what vessel that has clinical importance?
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Anterior chorodial artery
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What clinical significance does the anterior choriodal artery have?
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When a stroke occurs in this artery, a loss of Parkinsonism is seen contralaterally.
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What two arteries border a cranial nerve? What cranial nerve is it?
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1. Superior Cerebellar Artery and the Posterior Cerebral Artery.
2. CN III (Oculomotor) |
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What is the most common location of a stroke?
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MCA
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What is a common symptom of a MCA stroke?
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Acute paralysis on one side (contralateral)
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Why is the forehead not usually involved in a stroke?
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The facial nucleus is bilaterally innverated.
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Where does a blockage in the posterior circulation usually originate?
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Vertebral arteries or subclavian arteries
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What are 5 clinical presentations of posterior circulation strokes?
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1. Homonomous hemianopsia
2. Dysphagia 3. Headache/vomiting 4. Split sensory defect 5. Death |
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Steal syndrome is caused by stenosis of what vessel? What would cause a greater degree of effect?
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1. The left subclavian
2. Left vertebral dominance |
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What are four origins of a clot in the heart?
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1. Vegetations
2. Patent foramen ovale 3. Fibrillation 4. Mural |
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What are the two varieties of echocardiograms and what does each see?
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TTE - (non-invasive)ventricles
TEE - (invasive) - atria, valves, foramen ovale |
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Where do lenticulostriate arteries branch off?
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MCA
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The anterior 2/3 of the internal capsule controls what activity?
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Motor activity
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The posterior 1/3 of the internal capsule controls what activity?
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sensory
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Can subcortical strokes cause aphasia or loss of consciousness?
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No
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How are the arms and legs affected in sub-cortical strokes?
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Equally
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How are arms and legs affected in cortical strokes?
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Arms are affected moreso than legs
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What time or diagnosing technique can pick up acute ischemia?
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Diffusion - Perfusion Mismatch / Diffusion Weighted Imaging
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Where do watershed infarcts occur and what are they a result of?
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They occur at the overlap of two larger vessels such as the ACA and MCA. They are usually caused by a drop in blood pressure. They are bilateral infacrts.
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What are two causes of intraparenchymal bleeds?
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Hypertenstion or amyloid plaques
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Rupture of what artery can cause an epidural hematoma?
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Middle meningeal atery deep to the temporal bone
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On a CT scan, how will subdural bleeding present? What observation can help in the diagnosis?
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Isodense - same density of the brain
Shifted brain |
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Where do subarachnoid hematomas usually occur?
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Circle of Willis
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What is a symptom of a subarachnoid hematoma? Why?
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Extreme headache due to compression of nerves
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How is a subarachnoid hematoma diagnosed?
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Lumbar puncture
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What two sinuses are related to the falx cerebri?
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Superior and Inferior Sagittal Sinuses
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What connects the Superior and Inferior Sagittal Sinuses?
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Rectus sinus
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What vein is a branch of the rectus sinus and what does it drain?
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The Great Vein of Galin and it drains the cerebellum and brainstem
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What vessels are associated with the confulence (4)? What do they then turn into?
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Transverse, Rectus, Superior Sagittal and occipital; the transverse sinus which drains into the sigmoidal sinus
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What does the sigmoidal sinus drain into?
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IJV
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Venous blood from the Circle of Willis drains where?
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Cavernous Sinus which is also drained by the Superior and Inferior Petrosal sinuses
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