Neuroscience Lecture 2

Front 1

Basic parts of the CNS

Back 1

Spinal Cord, Brainstem, cerebellum, and forebrain

Front 2

brainstem

Back 2

medulla, pons, and midbrain

Front 3

forebrain

Back 3

diencephalon, cerebral hemispheres

Front 4

diencephalon

Back 4

thalamus and hypothalamus

Front 5

how many pairs of spinal nerves?

Back 5

31

Front 6

Dorsal root ganglia

Back 6

sensory division of the spinal cord

Front 7

ventral root ganglia

Back 7

motor division of the spinal cord

Front 8

Dorsal Horns

Back 8

contain sensory relay neurons, receives input from the periphery

Front 9

Ventral Horns

Back 9

contain motor nuclei that innervate muscles--send ouput

Front 10

Dorsal Column

Back 10

sensory information travels up it to the brain

Front 11

Lateral columns

Back 11

also called cortico-spinal tracts. Take info from brain and send it to the muscles

Front 12

Ventral columns

Back 12

anterolateral column. carry pain info up to brain and motor info down from brain

Front 13

Medulla

Back 13

regulates blood pressure and respiration

Front 14

pons (ventral)

Back 14

pontine nuclei, relays information from the cortext to the cerebellum

Front 15

pons (dorsal)

Back 15

respiration, taste, and sleep

Front 16

Midbrain

Back 16

auditory and visual systems, contains substantia nigra

Front 17

substantia nigra

Back 17

dopanergic neurons

Front 18

Cerebellum

Back 18

motor control, coordination, planning of movements, learning motor tasks and storing this info.

Front 19

where does the cerebellum receive its input from?

Back 19

sensory input from spinal cord, motor from cerebral cortex, balance from inner ear and vestibular organs

Front 20

Thalamus

Back 20

relay station to the cerebral cortex

Front 21

hypothalamus

Back 21

hormone secretion, growth, eating, drinking, maternal behavior.

Front 22

basal ganglia

Back 22

control of fine movement (located in the cerebral hemisphere)

Front 23

amygdala

Back 23

social behavior and expression of emotion (located in the cerebral hemisphere)

Front 24

hippocampus

Back 24

memory (located in the cerebral hemisphere)

Front 25

Cerebrum

Back 25

cognition

Front 26

subcortex

Back 26

white matter, subcortical nuclei, ventricles

Front 27

White matter

Back 27

axon tracts. Descending, ascending and cortico-cortical pathways

Front 28

what is a long cortico-cortical pathway called?

Back 28

fasciculi

Front 29

Ventricles

Back 29

interconnected cavities filled with cerebral spinal fluid in the brain.

Front 30

Calcarine Sulcus

Back 30

primary visual cortex

Front 31

Heschl's

Back 31

primary auditory cortex

Front 32

Post-central gyrus

Back 32

Primary somatosensory cortex

Front 33

Pre-central gyrus

Back 33

primary motor cortex

Front 34

association cortices

Back 34

non-primary cortices

Front 35

Frontal lobe

Back 35

planning responses to stimuli. Contains motor cortex (pre-central gyrus)

Front 36

Parietal lobe

Back 36

contains somatosensory cortex (post-central gyrus

Front 37

temporal lobe

Back 37

audition and insular cortex (taste)

Front 38

occipital lobe

Back 38

vision

Front 39

lissencephaly

Back 39

smooth brain disorder

Front 40

Layer IV of the neocortex

Back 40

primary input layer

Front 41

Layer II and III of neocortex

Back 41

cortico-cortical output layers
II=ipsi
III= contra

Front 42

Layers V and VI of neocortex

Back 42

descending output layers
V=basal ganlgia/brainstem/spinal cord
VI= thalamus/ claustrum

Front 43

Expressive (motor) aphasia

Back 43

understand language but can't speak coherently. lesions in broca's area

Front 44

Receptive Aphasia

Back 44

patients could speak but not understand language. Lesion in Wernicke's area

Front 45

conduction aphasia

Back 45

difficulty repeating words, fluent, but with many incorrect word substitutions, good comprehension