Neuroscience (5) - Cerebellum

Front 1

What does the Cerebellum do?

Back 1

-Muscle Coordination
-Balance, Equilibrium, and Posture
-Motor Learning
-Tactile Exploration
-Attention - Shifting Attention

Front 2

Which side of the body does the Right Cerebellum Control?

Back 2

Ipsalateral Body

Front 3

Which brain structures send input to the Cerebellum?

Back 3

-Cerebral Cortex
-Brainstem
-Spinal Cord

Front 4

What is the Dorsal Spinocerebellar Tract (DSCT)?

Back 4

-Input to the the Cerebellum
-From the Lower Body

Front 5

What is the Cuneocerebellar Tract (CCT)?

Back 5

-Input to the the Cerebellum
-From the Upper Body

Front 6

Where do Primary Afferents from the DSCT project to?

Back 6

Clarke's Nucleus a T1 to L2

Front 7

What are the 3 Layers of the Cerebellar Cortex?

Back 7

-Molecular Layer
-Purkinje Layer
-Granular Layer

Front 8

What are the 2 Major Types of Input to the Cerebellum?

Back 8

-Mossy Fibers - From: Pontine Nuclei, Vestibular Nuclei, Reticular Formation, Spinal Cord
-Climbing Fibers - Inferior Olivary Nucleus of the Medulla

Front 9

Describe the Afferents of the Cuneocerebellar Tract (CCT).

Back 9

Upper Body
-Primary Afferents - Ascend in Cuneate Fasciculus (with DCML) to Lateral Cuneate Nucleus
-Secondary Afferents - From Cuneate Nucleus project via Inferior Peduncle to the Cerebellum

Front 10

Describe the Afferents of the Dorsal Spinocerebellar Tract (DSCT).

Back 10

Lower Body
-Primary Afferents - Project to Clarke's Nucleus at T1 to L2
-Secondary Afferents - From Clarke's Nucleus Project via the Inferior Peduncle to Cerebellum

Front 11

Where do Inputs from the Cerebral Cortex Enter the Cerebellum? Which side?

Back 11

-Middle Cerebellar Peduncle
-Contralateral

Front 12

Where do Inputs from the Pontine Nuclei Enter the Cerebellum? Which side?

Back 12

-Middle Cerebellar Peduncle

Front 13

Where do climbing fibers going to the cerebellum originate from?

Back 13

Inferior Olivary Nucleus of the Medulla

Front 14

Where do mossy fibers going to the cerebellum originate from?

Back 14

-Pontine Nuclei
-Vestibular Nuclei
-Reticular Formation
-Spinal Cord

Front 15

What types of Output does the Cerebellum have? How?

Back 15

-Superior Peduncle - To Contralateral Red Nucleus, To Contralateral VL and VA Nuclei of Thalamus
-Inferior Peduncle - To Vesitubular Nuclei and Reticular Formation

Front 16

Control from the Cerebellum is to the IPSILATERAL Body

Back 16

Control from the Cerebellum is to the IPSILATERAL Body

Front 17

2 Important Things to Know about the Cerebellum:
-Ipsilateral
-Alcohol - Affects the Vermis, No Limb Involvement

Back 17

2 Important Things to Know about the Cerebellum:
-Ipsilateral
-Alcohol - Affects the Vermis, No Limb Involvement

Front 18

2 Important Things to Know about the Cerebellum:
-Ipsilateral
-Alcohol - Affects the Vermis, No Limb Involvement

Back 18

2 Important Things to Know about the Cerebellum:
-Ipsilateral
-Alcohol - Affects the Vermis, No Limb Involvement

Front 19

What function does the Flocculonodular Lobe of the Cerebellum serve?

Back 19

Balance and Eye Movements

Front 20

What function does the Vermis of the Cerebellum serve?

Back 20

Posture, Locomotion, Fine Motor,

Front 21

What function does the Lateral Hemispheres of the Cerebellum serve?

Back 21

Planning, Practice, and Learning of Complex Movements

Front 22

What part of the Cerebellum is responsible for Balance and Eye Movements?

Back 22

Flocculonodular Lobe

Front 23

What part of the Cerebellum is responsible for Posture, Locomotion, Fine Motor,?

Back 23

Vermis

Front 24

What part of the Cerebellum is responsible for Planning, Practice, and Learning of Complex Movements?

Back 24

Lateral Hemispheres

Front 25

What is Cerebellar Gait?

Back 25

-Wide Base
-Irregular Steps
-Veer towards side of he Lesion

Front 26

What types of Cells are the Major output of the Cerebellum?

Back 26

Purkinje Cells

Front 27

What does Alcoholic Cerebellar Degeneration Affect Preferentially?

Back 27

Vermis

Front 28

What is Dysdiadochokinesia? What is a sign of?

Back 28

-Inability to Rapid Alternating Movements
-Cerebellar Lesion

Front 29

What is Dysmetria? What is a sign of?

Back 29

-Loss of Control of Range of Movements
-Cannot properly measure distance in Motor Activities
-Cerebellar Lesion

Front 30

What is Dysarthias? What is a sign of?

Back 30

-Slowed Slurred Speech
-Cerebellar Lesion

Front 31

What is Wernicke-Korsackoff Syndrome?

Back 31

-Occurs due to Thiamine Deficiency
-Destruction of Mamillary Bodies - Amnesia
-Wernicke's Encephalopathy - Gait Ataxia and Nystagmus (Eyes don't follow each other)
-Korsakoff's Syndrome - Severe Retrograde and Anterograde Amnesia

Front 32

A patient comes to you with gait ataxia, nystagumus, severe anterograde and retrograde amnesia. What does this person have?

Back 32

Wernicke-Korsakoff

Front 33

What is Friedreich Ataxia?

Back 33

-Triple Repeat GAA
-Gradual Onset