Neuropsychology

Front 1

Neurons accomplish electrical transmission by the movement of

Back 1

ions

Front 2

The inside and outside of a neurons are separated by a

Back 2

lipid layer

Front 3

The resting potential of (most) central nervous system neurons is

Back 3

-65mv

Front 4

To be “polarized” means to

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carry a charge

Front 5

The primary means of neural transmission is by

Back 5

movement of ions

Front 6

The lipid bilayer maintains a

Back 6

concentration gradient of ions

Front 7

What mechanisms maintain the resting potential of the neuron

Back 7

Selective permeability and active pumping

Front 8

At the resting potential, sodium ions want to get into the

Back 8

Cell

Front 9

Gates keep sodium na+ ions out and allow

Back 9

chlorine and cl- and potassium k+ to pass

Front 10

The resting neuron is

Back 10

polarized and in a state ready to fire

Front 11

Action potentials are mediated by

Back 11

voltage gated ion channels

Front 12

In a resting state, the probability of opening sodium gated ion channels is

Back 12

Low

Front 13

At threshold, inward what current exceeds outward potassium current?

Back 13

Sodium

Front 14

At the peak of the action potential?

Back 14

sodium channels close

Front 15

Space between myelin sheaths densely populated with sodium channels are called

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Nodes Of Ranvier

Front 16

The zone of contact between a transmitting neuron and a receiving neuron is called a

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synapse

Front 17

Two categories of cholinergic receptors are

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nicotinic and muscarinic

Front 18

Power spectra analysis of electroencephalography data measure the number of neurons that

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fire synchronously

Front 19

The what rhythm is an indicator of adult slow wave sleep?

Back 19

Delta

Front 20

The difficulty of localizing the cortical or sub cortical source of the EEG signal is called the what?

Back 20

inverse problem

Front 21

What measures the different light absorption properties of oxygenated and de-oxygenated hemoglobin.?

Back 21

Functional near infrared spectroscopy (FNIRS)

Front 22

What scan is the brain seen as is: with grey matter grey, white matter white, cerebral spinal fluid dark.

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T1

Front 23

In a weighted scan CSF is always?

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Dark

Front 24

Which scan shows the Cerebral Spinal Fluid bright white and white matter being grey and the grey matter being white?

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T-2 Inverse

Front 25

What is the same as the inverse scan with CSF Dark/Black

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T-2 Flair

Front 26

BOLD stands for

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Blood Oxygen Level Dependent

Front 27

The replacement of deoxygenated blood with oxygenated blood leads to increased what?

Back 27

magnetic resonance signal.

Front 28

Sensory receptors do what with energy

Back 28

tranduce

Front 29

Sensory receptors have what? which means they only respond to specific stimuli

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receptive fields

Front 30

The fovea is densely populated with what and not populated at all with rod cells

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cones

Front 31

Ganglion cells have center what fields?

Back 31

surround receptive

Front 32

The major pathway from the retina to the primary visual cortex synapses in the what of the thalamus?

Back 32

LGN (Lateral Geniculate Nucleus)

Front 33

The major function of the what is to amplify sound?

Back 33

ossicles

Front 34

The basilar membrane responds to what along its length.

Back 34

progressively higher frequencies

Front 35

Responds to progressively higher frequencies along its length defines the what of the basilar membrane?

Back 35

tonotopic organization

Front 36

What cells are sensory cells, and what cells are amplifiers.

Back 36

Inner hair, outer hair cells

Front 37

What defines the sensation of body position?

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Proprioception

Front 38

Somatosensory cortex maintains a general what?

Back 38

somatopic organization

Front 39

What is a primary termination for the gustatory pathways

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Insular cortex

Front 40

The olfactory epithelium contains what?

Back 40

chemoreceptors