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37 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Lithium
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-Used for bipolar
-Side effects: GI, alopecia, weight gain, ataxia, acne, polyuria, polydipsia, Ebstein's anomoly. -Most drugs elevate lithium levels (except caffeine) -Elevates TSH * -"Water faucet to water closet" |
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Thioridazine (Melaril)
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-Side effects: Arrhythmias, retrograde ejaculation, pigmentary retinopathy
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Clozapine (Clozaril)
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-Atypical antipsychotic
-Side effects: sialorrhea, agranulocytosis*, seizures, cardiomyopathy -"biggest gun" for hallucinations |
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Trazodone (Desyrel)
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-inhibits 5HT reuptake, inhibits alpha-1 receptor on vessels causing dilation
-Side effects: priapism, orthostatic hypotension |
Compare with Midodrine (alpha-1 agonist)
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Uremic polyneuropathy
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axonal mixed sensorimotor polyneuropathy
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Lead
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Encephalopathy in children
Demyelinating polyneuropathy (motor) with preference for radial nerve |
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Arsenic
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Demyelinating polyneuropathy (motor)
Abdominal pain, anemia, jaundice Encephalopathy |
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Thalium
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Demyelinating polyneuropathy (sensory)
Optic atrophy and ophthalmoplegia *Alopecia |
Can get alopecia with lithium as well
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Mercury
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Bilateral basal ganglia dysfunction
Movement disorder associated with biliary excretion problems |
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Pilocarpine
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-Muscarinic agonist (Ach)
-Parasympathomimetic -pupillary constriction |
Opposite of atropine (muscarinic antagonist)
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Nucleus basalis
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Nucleus where Ach is made
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Nucleus Accumbens
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Nucleus associated with addiction and Dopamine
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Cocaine inhibits Dopamine reuptake
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Raphe nucleus and Serotonin
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Mediates NREM sleep
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Nefazodone
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Increases REM
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Locus Ceruleus and sleep stage
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Location that initiates REM
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Vigabatrin
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-Inhibits GABA transaminase therefore increasing GABA.
-bi-Nasal VF abnormalities |
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Mitazapine (Remeron)
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-Atypical antipsychotic
-5HT2A and Histamine H1 blocker -Same as Olanzapine/Clozapine |
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Baclofen and PAN
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Improves PAN (Periodic Alternating Nystagmus)
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Capsaicin
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VA1 receptor
Causes release of substance P -involved in pain modulation |
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Ropinirole (Requip)
Pramipexole (Mirapex) |
-Dopamine agonists used in PD
-Can cause sudden attacks of sleep while driving. |
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Midodrine
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-Used to treat orthostatic hypotension
-alpha-1 adrenergic agonist (NE) causing vasoconstriction |
Compare to trazodone (alpha-1 antagonist)
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Sumatriptan (Imitrex)
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Agonist of 5HT1D causing vasoconstriction
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Odansetron (Zofran)
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Ligand of 5HT3 receptor (antagonist)
-treat nausea |
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Phenytoin (Dilantin)
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1/2 life=22 hours
-Reduces post-tetanic potentiation -Causes lymphadenopathy, ataxia, rash, gingival hyperplasia, hirsuitism, vermian atrophy -Na channel blocker |
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Valproate (Depakote)
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1/2 life=14 hours
Side effects: allopecia, wt gain -Na channel blocker |
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Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
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1/2 life=12 hours
Side effects: diplopia, ataxia, hyponatremia, rash, liver dysfunction, dyscrasias -Na channel blocker |
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Ethosuximide (Zarontin)
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1/2 life=40 hours
Side effects: Nausea, lethargy, headache, rash -Ca channel blocker (T-type) -Treat absence seizures |
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Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
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1/2 life=24 hours
-side effects: rash, Stevens Johnson, elevated epoxide, ataxia -Voltage-gated Na channel blocker |
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Topiramate (Topamax)
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1/2 life=22 hours
-side effects: somnolence, confusion, word-finding difficulty, paresthesias, angle closure glaucoma, kidney stones, myopia -Na channel blocker |
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Felbamate (Felbatol)
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1/2 life=20 hours
Side effects: bone marrow failure (1/3000), liver failure, wt loss, GI complaints -Glutamate-receptor glycine blocker |
Compare to domoic acid (amnestic shellfish poison that activates glutamate/kainate receptors causing seizure)
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Clonazepam (Klonopin)
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1/2 life=30 hours
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Cisplatinum
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Encephalopathy
Ototoxicity Cerebellar findings Renal problems Autonomic & peripheral neuropathy |
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5-FU
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acute cerebellar syndrome
cranial neuropathy disorientation/confusion seizures |
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Cytarabine (Ara-C)
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cerebellar dysfunction
somnolence/confusion personality change peripheral neuropathy rhabdomyolysis * myelopathy * |
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Methotrexate
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Leukoencephalopathy *
myelopathy chemical arachnoiditis if intrathecal |
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Tamoxifen
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decreased visual acuity
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Vinblastine
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autonomic neuropathy
cranial neuropathy (same as 5-FU) muscle pain |
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