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6 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Definition of hydrocephalus? Communicating vs non-communicating? (Dunn 664)
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A distrubance of formation, flow or absorption of CSF that leads to an increase in CSF colume in CNS.
Communicating - when full communication occurs between the ventricles and subarachnoid space. Non-communicating - due to obstruction in ventricular system |
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Causes of hydrocephalus?
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Communicating:
impair absorption - meningitis, SAH, idiopathic impair venous drianage or over production Non-communicating: Commonly due to mass lesion haemorrhage and tumours Congential: Arnold- Chiari malformation Danny Walker malformation |
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Which is not a features of raised ICP in infants?
a. Head circumference >97 % b. Thin shiny scalp c. setting sun sign d. Upward deviation of globes e. Tense anterior fontanelle |
d. Setting sun sign - downward deviaton of globes, retraction of upper lids, sclerae visible above the iris
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Which is not a features of hydrocephalus on CT?
a) Both temporal horns > 2mm in size b) Evans ratio > 10% c) Transependymal exudate d) upward bowing of the corpus callosum e) prominent frontal horn of lateral & 3rd ventricle |
b) Evans ratio >30%. Maximum width of the frontal horns: maximum biparietal width
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Which is not ture for cerebral ventricular shunts?
a) Valve should compress easily and refill rapidly b) Force pumping of shunt reservoir may relieve obstruction c) Reservoir puncture may be use to collect CSF d) 60% of Shunt infection is caused by enterobacter from bowel e) CTbrain and plain films (skull, chest & abdo Xray) is use for investigation |
d) 60% due to Staph epidermidis, 20% by Staph aureus, Enterobacter indicated in bowel perforation.
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LP in shunted patient?
a) Can be safely done in all patients b) CSF from LP often normal in early stage of shunt infection c) Should be discuss with neurosugeons prior to LP d) Van and ceftiaxone is the ABs of choice for shunt infection |
a) LP may result in posterior fossa herniation. all LP need to discuss with nerusug prior
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