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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The CNS consists of:
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Brain & spine
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The PNS consists of:
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12 pairs of Cranial Nerves
31 pairs of Spinal Nerves |
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Neuron is:
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the basic functional unit of the Nervous system.
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A cell body consists of:
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Nucleus
Lipid bilayer (2 layers of fat) Cytoplasm |
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Myelin
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white, fat & insulate the nerves.
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Diseases of Myelin:
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Multiple Schlerosis
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Problems with axons is a sign of
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dysarthria and aphasia
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Synapses
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is the way neurons communicate to other neurons.
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Parts of the Synapses:
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* Telodendria
* Synaptic Knob * Synaptic Cleft * Dendrites |
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Anterior
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Front
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Posterior
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toward the back
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Superior
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above
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Inferior
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below
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Rostral
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near mouth
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Medial
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toward the middle
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lateral
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further from the median plane
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Ventral
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toward the belly
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dorsal
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toward the back
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Cortical divisions:
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*Gyrus
*Sulcus aka fissure |
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The brain is normally housed in the part of the bony skull called
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Cranium
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Another word for brain is:
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Encephalon
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The Human cerebrum includes 3 parts:
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* Cerebral Hemispheres
* Basal Ganglia * Limbic lobe |
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the cerebral Hemispheres are connected by a mass of white matter called:
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corpus callosum
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Diencephalon includes:
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*thalamus
*hypothalamus *the 3rd ventrical *epithalamus |
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Diecephalon is:
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the part of the forebrain between the cerebral hemispheres and the midbrain.
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what are the 4 lobes of the brain?
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* Frontal Lobe
* Parietal Lobe * Temporal Lobe * Occipital Lobe |
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Autonomic Nervous System has 3 divisions
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1. Enteric
2. Sympathetic 3. Parasympathetic |
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Autonomic Nervous System
Enteric |
Gastrointestinal tract
**If you see this on chart - tube fed Directly effects swallowing Deglutition and digestion of food |
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Autonomic Nervous System
Sympathetic |
Body's alerting system, aka "fight or flight".
Causes heart rate, constrictions of the peripheral blood vessels, raising blood pressure, and redistributing the blood so that i leaves the skin and intestines to be used in the brain , heart and muscles. |
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Autonomic Nervous System
Parsympathetic |
Calming effect on bodily function.
it serves to conserve and restore energy by slowing the heart rate, increased salivation and increased secretion of the glands of the GI tact. |
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Autonomic Nervous System is important to SLP's because
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a patients digestive system and swallowing.
Important for communication. |
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Action Potentials
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an electrical charge.
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Weirnicke Area
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# 22
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Heschl's gyrus forms the:
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primary auditory cortex, representing the cortical center for hearing in each hemisphere.
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Frontal Lobe "motor strip"
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* Motor Functions
* Higher Order Functions * Planning * Reasoning * Judgement * Impulse Control * Memory |
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Prominent gyrus for the Frontal Lobe is
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precentral gyrus
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Broca's area are #'s
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44 and 45
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Angular gyrus is number
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39
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Anomia
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word-finding problems
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Temporal Lobe consists of
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Wernicke's area, Heschl's gyrus, and Island of Reil
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Temporal Lobe
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auditory perception and is home to the primary auditory cortex. It is also important for the processing of semantics in both speech and vision. The temporal lobe contains the hippocampus and plays a key role in the formation of long-term memory.
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Occipital Lobe consists of the :
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perisylvian zone
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Occipital Lobe
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The primary visual cortex is Brodmann area 17
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ANS works with the endocrine system to maintain _______
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the Endocrine system
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Graded Potential
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Time related /space related.
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Synpases consists of
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* Presynaptic Terminal / bouton
* Synaptic Cleft * Post Synaptic Terminal |
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Neurtransmitters
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Chemical, the base for actions.
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Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials
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an electrical change in the membrane of a post synaptic neuron caused by binding of an excitatory neurotransmitter from a presynaptic cell to a postsynaptic receptor
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Depolarization
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loss of the difference in charge between the inside and outside of the plasma membrane of a muscle or nerve cell caused by a change in permeability and migration of sodium ions to the interior.
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Dura Mater
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Brain covered with the menegies, to protect the brain and the spinal cord.
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the names of the folds of the menegies
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Falx Cerebri
Tentorium cerebelli diaphragma sella |
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3 layers of the menegies + the space
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Dura Mater
Subdural space Arachnoid Subarachnoid space Pia Mater |
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Ventricular system has 4 cavities
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1 ventrical
2nd ventricle 3 ventrical 4th ventrical |
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Name and describe the parts of a cell:
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Nucleus
Lipid Bilayer: 2 fats, do not dissolve in H2O Cytoplasm: maintains metabolic balance |
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escribe myelin and its importance:
Myelin in the CNS: Myelin in the PNS: |
CNS: Oligodendrites
PNS: Schwann cells or Nerolemma Fat cells wrapped around the axons. Important: makes it go faster, increases the speed, insulates the axons and increases the speed of the transmission of impulses. ***Myeline increases as Language develops. Due to this, it gives us the idea that the brain can regenerate. Disease: MS. MS myelin deteriorates. |
