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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Homeostasis
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The state of Dynamic Equilibrium of the body's internal environment.
Temp, pH, electrolytes, glucose, H2O levels, Blood Pressure |
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Internal Environment
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The Fluid Enviornment
The fluid that bathes the cells of the body Blood Plasma, Tissue Fluid, Lymph |
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Tissue Fluid
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Intercellular or Interstitial
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External Enviornment
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Air & Gasses outside the body
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Stimulus
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- A change in the internal or external environment
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Receptor
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- A structure in the body that senses the change and converts it into a nerve impulse
- Detects the Stimuli |
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Sensory Neurons
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Carry the impulse to the CNS (central nervous system)
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Integration Center
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area of the brain/spinal cord that decided what the response to the stimulus should be
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Motor Neuron
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CARRIES the nerve/impulse out of the integration center to the EFFECTOR. (THE WIRE)
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Effector
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The structure that does the response indicated by the integration center.
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Types of Effectors
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Skeletal MM
Cardiac MM Smooth MM Glands |
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Central Nervous System
CNS |
Dorsal Cavity
Sensory & Motor & Integration (decision) Brain & Spinal Cord |
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Brain
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CNS
Cranial Cavity Reflexes Highest forms of integration (thinking, planning, math) |
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Spinal Cord
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CNS
Vertebral Canal Reflexes Simplest form of integration |
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Peripheral Nervous System
PNS Location |
Outside the Dorsal Cavity
Sensory and Motor only Connects the CNS to the Sensory Receptors & Effectors |
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PNS
Location |
Part IN - Part OUT
31 Spinal Nerves 12 Cranial Nerves Autonomic Pathways to Organs Sensory & Motor |
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Nerve
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A bundle of nerve cells (neurons)
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Spinal Nerves
Location |
31 Pairs of Nerves that emerge from spinal cord through the interveterbral foramen between adjacent vertebrae
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Cranial Nerves
Location |
12 pairs of nerves that merge diretly off the brain and travel through foramina in the skull
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Sensory/Afferent
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Carry Towards
Neurons in the spinal & cranial nerves that innervate (attach) to the sensory receptors Incoming Sensory Pathways |
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General Senses
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Very Simple Receptors
Touch, Temp, Pressure, Pain, Stretch, Chemical & Proprioceptive All Over Body Skin, MM Jints (somatic) Internal Organs & BV (visceral). Innervated by Spinal & Cranial Nerves |
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Special Senses
The 5 Senses |
Complex Receptors (eyeball or ear)
vision, audition, olfaction, gustation, equilibrium Located in the head Innervated by Cranial Nerves Somatic (vision, hearing, equilibrium) Visceral (gustation & olfaction) |
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Motor
Efferent |
Carry Away - Outgoing Pathways
Made of the neurons that innervate the effectors (skeletal, cardiac, smooth mm) & glands |
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Somatic Motor
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Innervate Skeletal MM cells
Voluntary ONE PNS Neuron bet Brain/Spinal Cord & Effector Very Fast |
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Autonomic Motor
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Innervate Cardiac, smooth mm & glands
INvoluntary TWO PNS Neurons between Brain/Spinal Cord & Effector |
