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78 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cranial Nerve I
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Olfactory
sense of smell (one nose) |
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Cranial Nerve II
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Optic
sense of sight (two eyes) |
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Cranial Nerve III
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Oculomotor
eye movement (motor) |
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Cranial Nerve IV
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Trochlear
eye |
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Cranial Nerve V
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Trigeminal
temperature, pain, tactile (3 sensations, 3 branches "tri") corneal reflexes |
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Cranial Nerve VI
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Abducens
motor impulses to the rectus muscle on the lateral side of each eye damage causes diplopia |
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Cranial Nerve VII
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Facial
dysfunction=bells palsy |
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Cranial Nerve VIII
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Auditory/vestibulocochlear
dysfunction=impaired hearing or balance Rinne test evaluates |
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Cranial Nerve IX
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Glossopharyngeal
tongue and throat (swallowing, palate elevation, taste) |
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Cranial Nerve X
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Vagus
parasympathetic regulation blood pressure, aortic pressure, slowing HR, taste and digestive rate |
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Cranial Nerve XI
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Accessory
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Cranial Nerve XII
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Hypoglossal
tongue dysfunction=tongue will not stick out straight |
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Bells palsy can be a complication of what disease?
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Lyme disease
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Treatment for Bell's Palsy
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Prednisone within 10 days after onset of symptoms.
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Primary Headache
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Not associated with any other diseases
(migraine, cluster, tension) |
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Secondary Headache
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Associated with other conditions
(brain tumor, bleeding) |
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Most important observations when assessing headache
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~Any history of similar headaches?
~Intact cognition? ~Supple neck ~Normal neuro exam ~Improvement of symptoms with treatment |
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Tension headache duration
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30min to 7 days
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Migraine headache duration
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4-72 hours
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Cluster headache duration
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can last weeks to months
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headache usually bilateral
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tension
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"alarm clock" headache
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cluster
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headache with pressing quality
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tension
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headache with pulsating quality
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migraine
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headache usually unilateral
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migraine
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headache that usually happens during certain times of the year
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cluster
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headache that can occur with lacrimation, conjunctival injection, nasal stuffiness or ptosis
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cluster
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usually located behind unilateral eye
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cluster
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headache aggravated by normal activity
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migraine
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migraine prophylaxis
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propranolol
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Best migraine abortive therapy for ppl with cardiac issues
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ibuprofen
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Tension headaches more common in men or women?
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women
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Migraine more common in men or women?
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women
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Cluster headache more common in men or women?
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men
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Drawback to use of butalbital (fioricet) for migraine
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high rebound rate
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Drawback to use of compazine and phenergan
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extrapyrimidal side effects
(limit to less than 3x per week) |
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Headache worse upon awakening
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increased ICP
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Headache worse with coughing
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increased ICP
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Headache red flags
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"SNOOP"
Systemic symptoms Neurologic signs Onset (sudden or with exertion) Onset age >50 or <5 Previous history (first HA in adult >30) |
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Med for migraines with risk of "serotonin syndrome"
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triptans
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Drawback of injectables for migraine
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cost $$$
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bacterial meningitis acquisition
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~to meninges through bloodstream
~extension from another infection |
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Bacterial meningitis symptom triad
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fever, headache, stiff neck
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Brudzinski sign
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(supine) passive neck flexion results in flexion of knees and hips
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Kernig sign
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(supine) with flexed hip at 90 degrees. When leg straightened, pain in lower back.
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Most at risk for meningitis exposure
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those with household type or more intimate contact
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Bacterial meningitis CSF protein
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high
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Bacterial meningitis CSF opening pressure
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high
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Bacterial meningitis CSF glucose
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lower than 40%
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Viral meningitis CSF protein
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normal or high
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Viral meningitis CSF glucose
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normal
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Viral meningitis CSF lymphocytes (t cells, b cells)
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high (lymphocytosis)
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Bacterial Meningitis CSF WBCs
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markedly increased
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Best for prophylaxis for meningitis
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PO cipro x1
IM Ancef x1 Menactra vaccine |
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Multiple Sclerosis clinical feature
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variable exacerbations and remission
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MRI findings for multiple sclerosis
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demyelinating plaques
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MS treatment to reduce frequency of exacerbations
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interferon beta-1a
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6 Parkinson cardinal features
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tremor at rest
rigidity bradykinesia (slow execution of mov't) flexed posture loss of postural reflex masklike facies |
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Seizure with blank stare
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Absence (petit-mal)
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Seizure with awake state, brief jerking of limbs and trunk lasting seconds
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myoclonic
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Seizure with rigid extension of arms and legs
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grand mal
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Seizure with sudden jerking movements with LOC
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Grand Mal
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Seizure with bowel and bladder incontinence
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Grand Mal
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Seizure with post ictal confusion
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grand mal (tonic-clonic)
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Seizure with awake state with abnormal motor function
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simple partial (jacksonian)
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: 3rd Degree Burns
1. Burns followed by undue inflammation 2. Burns & scalds producing vesicles, better with cold applications |
Cantharis
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Phenytoin drug interaction with
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theophylline
(decreased efficacy of both drugs) |
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Carbamezapine drug interaction with
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OCPs (decreased efficacy of OCP)
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TIA duration
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<24 hours
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secondary prevention against ischemic stroke and TIA
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antiplatelet therapy with aspirin or Plavix
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Warfarin therapy INR goal
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2.0-3.0
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secondary prevention against stroke from cardiac embolus
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Warfarin
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Most common cause of stroke
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cerebral ischemia
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Insidious onset
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dementia
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acute onset of change in mental status
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delirium
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associated with anticholinergic drug use
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delirium
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mental status essentially returns to baseline
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delirium
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most common cause of delirium
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infection
(usually UTI or CAP) |
