Neuroanatomy Test 2

Front 1

trigeminal sensory nucleus

Back 1

extends the whole length of the brainstem and into the cervical spinal cord.

Front 2

cochlear and vestibular nuclei

Back 2

located in the medulla, in and near the lateral part of the floor of the fourth ventricle

Front 3

nucleus solitarus

Back 3

in the medulla, visceral afferents, include taste fibers

Front 4

oculomotor nucleus

Back 4

lies in the ventral apex of the periaqueductal grey of midbrain at the level of the superior colliculus

Front 5

trochlear nucleus

Back 5

lies in the midbrain, at the ventral border of the periaqueductal grey, at the level of the inferior colliculus

Front 6

abducens nucleus

Back 6

located in caudal pons beneath the floor of the fourth ventricle

Front 7

hypoglossal nucleus

Back 7

in themedulla

Front 8

trigeminal motor nucleus

Back 8

in the tegmentum of the mid-pons

Front 9

facial motor nucleus

Back 9

in the caudal pontine tegmentum

Front 10

nucleus ambiguous

Back 10

within the medulla

Front 11

Edinger-Westphal

Back 11

the most rostral cell group, lies in the midbrain periaqueductal grey adjacent to the oculomotor nucleus. controls ciliary muscles that serve to control the pupil

Front 12

dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus

Back 12

lies in the medulla, its rostral portion lies immediately beneath the floor of the fourth ventricle, lateral to the hypoglossal nucleus

Front 13

oculomotor nerve

Back 13

motor. serves all of the extraocular muscles of the eye with the exception of the superior oblique and lateral rectus. it elevates, depresses and adducts (medial) theeye

Front 14

pretectal area

Back 14

rostral to the superior colliculus, receives sensory information regarding light reflex in pupil. its fibers projct to Edinger-Westphal nuclei

Front 15

trochlear nerve

Back 15

motor. supplies the superior oblique muscle which moves the eyeball downwards and medially

Front 16

abducens nerve

Back 16

motor. supplies the lateral rectus muscle which abducts the eye (outward)

Front 17

trigeminal nerve

Back 17

sensorymotor. V1 ophthalmic, sensory. V2 maxillary, sensory. V3 mandibular sensory and motor.

Front 18

shingles

Back 18

herpes zoster infection of the sensory roots of the trigeminal nerve, leads to pain and eruption of vesicles in one of the branches

Front 19

syringobulbia

Back 19

central cavitation of the medulla caudal to the fourth ventricle leads to preferential compressive destruction of decussating trigeminothalmic fibers, causing selective loss of pain and temperature sensibility in the face.

Front 20

facial nerve

Back 20

sensorymotor. supply taste sensation from the anterior two thirds of the tongue, floor of mouth and palate, sensation of external ear.

Front 21

cerebellopontine angle

Back 21

where the facial nerve joins the brainstem at the ventrolateral aspect of the caudal pons, near the pontomedullary junction

Front 22

Bell's palsy

Back 22

acute unilateral inflammatory lesion of the facial nerve. pain experienced around the ear and there is paralysis of the facial muscles unilaterally with failure to close the eye, an absent corneal reflex, hyperacusis on affected side, loss of taste sensation in the anterior two thirds of the tongue

Front 23

Ramsay Hunt syndrome

Back 23

when the herpes zoster virus is the inflammatory agent, a vesicular rash is apparent in the external auditory canal and the mucous membrane of the oropharynx. type of bell's palsy

Front 24

medial longitudinal fasiculus

Back 24

extends throughout the brainstem and into the spinal cord. concerned with posture and balance

Front 25

superior olivary nucleus

Back 25

inhibitory function and serve to modulate transmission of auditory information to the cochlear nerve

Front 26

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Back 26

sensorymotor. sensation in the pharynx, posterior third of tongue, eustachian tube, taste buds of pharynx, gag reflex, swallowing

Front 27

vagus nerve

Back 27

sensorymotor. sensaton in the pharynx, larynx, tympnic membrane, chemorecptors in heart, abdominal viscera. motor fibers innervate muscles of the soft palate, pharynx, larynx, upper part of the esophagus

Front 28

accessory nerve

Back 28

motor. innervates muscles of the soft palate, pharynx and larynx, spinal root innervates the muscles of head and shoulders

Front 29

hypoglossal nerve

Back 29

motor. innervates muscles of the tongue, reflex movements of chewing, sucking, swallowing.

Front 30

motor neuron disease

Back 30

chronic disorder in which the corticobulbar tracts degenerate leading to dysphonia, dysphagia (swallowing), dysarthria, weakness and spasticity of tongue

Front 31

superior and inferior colliculi

Back 31

visual and auditory systems respectively, on dorsal aspect of midbrain

Front 32

pyramids

Back 32

on ventral surface of the medulla, descending ibers originating in ipsilateral cerebral cortex

Front 33

crus cerebri

Back 33

on ventral surface of the midbrain, primarily motor in function

Front 34

medial lemniscus

Back 34

cuneatus and gracilis axons. runs through the rostral medulla, pons, and midbrain

Front 35

tegmentum

Back 35

dorsal portion of pons

Front 36

tectum

Back 36

dorsal portion of the midbrain, consists largely of the inferior and superior colliculi

Front 37

red nucleus

Back 37

at the level of the superior colliculus, central portion of the tegmentum, involved in motor control

Front 38

anterior spinal artery

Back 38

longitudinal vessel, runs the length of the spinal cord. occlusion leads to an acute thoracic cord syndrome with paraplegia and incontinence, the spinothalami modalities of pain and temperature and lost

Front 39

posterior spinal artery

Back 39

2 longitudinal vessels run the length of the spinal cord.

Front 40

what two pairs of vessels supply the brain?

Back 40

the internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries.