Neuro3 Cnn Part 2

Front 1

What type of 1* neurons have their cell bodies in the vestibular Ganglion?

Back 1

Bipolar

Front 2

Where are the 2nd order cell bodies of the the vestibular nerve located?

Back 2

Vestibular Nuclei

Front 3

Where is the vestibular nuclei located?

Back 3

Upper medula/lower pons beneath the vestibular trigon in the floor of the 4th ventricle

Front 4

What are the most important connections of the vestibular nuclie?

Back 4

With structures that regulate muscle tone such as the Cerebellum and the LMN of the SC and BS

Front 5

The feedback from the cerebellum to vestibulare nuclei via ____ allows the cerebellum to influence LMN

Back 5

ICP

Front 6

The cerebellum is important for maintaing 2 thing?

Back 6

Balance and proper eye position

Front 7

The vestibulospinal tract does what?

Back 7

Facilitates antigravity (extensor) muscles in maintaining posture

Front 8

The MLF arises from the vestibular nuclie and has an ascending and descending portion. What does ascending do? and descending?

Back 8

Ascending- coordinate conjunctave movement of the eyes and visual tracking as the head moves
Descending- coordinates movements of head and neck

Front 9

Thru the reticular formation the vestibular nuclie affect?

Back 9

Autonomic nervous system and levels of consciousness

Front 10

Damage to MLF results in lack of what?

Back 10

Coordinated eye movements

Front 11

Damage to the vestibular nerve or nuclei results in?

Back 11

Dizziness, falling, abnormal eye movement, N & V

Front 12

What is the most common cause of damage to the vestibular nerve or nuclei?

Back 12

Acoustic neurom in the cerbellopontine angle

Front 13

What is the center for lateral gaze? Which is located by?

Back 13

PPRF- paramedian pontine reticular formation. The abducens nerve

Front 14

The PPRF does what?

Back 14

Coordinates movements of medial and lateral recuts muscles via input to the oculomotor and abducens nuclei

Front 15

What carries the communicationg info for PPRF?

Back 15

MLF

Front 16

Damage to the PPRF leads to?

Back 16

Paralysis of lateral gaze to the side of the lesion.

Medial Strabismus of ips eye
Cannot move contra eye medially past midpoint

Front 17

Center for vertical gaze is located where? And coordinates which muscles? And is damaged by?

Back 17

Near periaqueductal gray of Midbrain by sup. colliculus.

Those innervated by CN3 and CN 4.
Pineal tumor

Front 18

The cortical eye fields relate to what?

Back 18

Frontal eye fields and Occipital eye fields

Front 19

Frontal eye movements are voluntary in Area 8. If the person has a seizure the eyes do what? If there is a tumor or stroke the eyes do what?

Back 19

Stimulation-Seizure eyes go to opposite side.
Destruction- eyes look at lesion

Front 20

Occipital eye fields are areas 18 and 19 of cortex. What are they involed with?

Back 20

Fixation of gaze, automatic scanning and accomodation,-convergenc RECOGNITION OF WHAT IS SEEN, COLOR VISION

Front 21

A lesion of the occipital eye fields does what?

Back 21

Disrupts reflexes of fixation and accomodation/convergance. Also visual agnosia.

Front 22

Internuclear opthalmoplegia is the result of damage to the MLF it is the first sign of?

Back 22

MS

Front 23

The cochlear nerve enters the BS where?

Back 23

Enters cerebellobontine angle and carries auditory input

Front 24

What type of neurons are located in the spiral ganglion?

Back 24

Bipolar

Front 25

The 2nd order neurons are located on the dorsal and ventral coclear nuclie where do these lie?

Back 25

Dorsolateral and ventrolateral to the ICP

Front 26

Damage 2 what 2 things will result in deafness in ipsilateral ear?

Back 26

Spiral ganglion, dorsal or ventral cochlear nuclei.

Front 27

What areas would allow for minimal loss of hearing in the contralateral ear?

Back 27

Inferior colliculus, Medial geniculat body, Primary auditory cortex on transverse gyri

Front 28

What are the 5 major parts of the choclear nerve from begining to end?

Back 28

Spiral ganglion, Dorsal or Ventral Cochlear Nuclie, Inferior Colliculus, Medial Geniculate Nucleus, Transverse temporal gyri

Front 29

Laterality of the cochlear nerve is?

Back 29

Primarily contralateral but has a significant contralateral component

Front 30

The trigeminal nerve GSA innervates?

Back 30

Whole head, supratentorial dura, teeth sinuses

Front 31

Main trigeminal nucleus is found where? Contains what 2 components?

Back 31

In the pons. There is both a motor and sensory component. The motor nucleus is medial to the sensory nuclues

Front 32

What is the GSA of the trigeminal responsible for?

Back 32

Discriminative touch and proprioception

Front 33

Spinal Trigeminal nucleus extends from the main trig. nucleus in pons down the SC to terminate at the dorsal horn of where?

Back 33

C3

Front 34

While the Main trigmeninal nucleus recieves input from _____. The trigm. spinal nucleus recieves input from???

Back 34

Large diameter fibers and smaller

Front 35

The Spinal V tract is _____ with Lissauer's tract and has the same function and terminates at all levels of the spinal V nucleus.

Back 35

coextensive and detects pain and temperature

Front 36

What is the TTT? Where does it terminate?

Back 36

Trigemionthalmic tract terminates in the ventral posterialmedial thalamus

Front 37

The 1* cell body is in what in the TTT? 2* ?? 3*??? The TTT takes the place of which 2 tracts from the body?

Back 37

Trigeminal Ganglion
Main or Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus
Thalamus
DCML and STT

Front 38

The main and spinal trigmeinal nuclei contribute to this reflex?

Back 38

Blink reflex.

Front 39

Mesenencephalic trig nucleus is located where? WHY ARE THEY SPECIAL AND WHAT ARE THEY ASSOCIATED WITH?

Back 39

In caudal midbrain along cerebral aqueduct. The only 1* neurons in the CNS. And are used for prorioception

Front 40

SVE of motor trigeminal innervate muscles from which arch?

Back 40

1st

Front 41

The laterality of the Motor component of V is?

Back 41

Ipsilateral muscles

Front 42

The UMN recieve input from where in the V motor nuclei?

Back 42

From both sides of the CBT

Front 43

The SVE component of V serves as the efferent limb for which reflex?

Back 43

Jaw Jerk Reflex

Front 44

What happens when the sensory components of V are destroyed?

Back 44

Loss of distincrimitave touch, pain, and temp in V1,- V3 distributions.

Front 45

Trigeminal neuralgia ====

Back 45

Tic douloureux

Front 46

Does the laterally depend on the location for sensory V?

Back 46

YEs it depends if the lesion is above or below the lesion

Front 47

LMN lesion of V nucleus or nerve=

Back 47

ips. paralysis and atrophy of muscles of mastication

Front 48

What happens with unilateral UMN lesions of CBT?

Back 48

There is little deficit. Maybe some contralateral weakness

Front 49

Facial GSA supplies sensation to? 1* nerve cell bodies lie where?

Back 49

External ear, wall of auditory tube, and outer surface of typanic membrane. Geniculate ganglion

Front 50

What do the nervus intermediaus contain?

Back 50

Central processes which enter spinal V tract and synapse in SPINAL V nucleus

Front 51

What pathway do GSA 7 take to get to the postcentral gyrus?

Back 51

Same as Spinal V. Goes to VPM nucleus of thalmus--> cerbral cortex

Front 52

SVA of 7 does what and is located where?

Back 52

Taste for anterior 2/3 of tongue. Genticulate ganglion

Front 53

Does nervus intermedius carry SVA 7 nerve fibers? If so where do they go?

Back 53

Yes and they go to the solitary tract and solitary nucleus

Front 54

Rostral part of solitary nucleus is AKA?

Back 54

Gustatory nucleus

Front 55

Gustarory nucleus sends axons up _______ to VPM nuclues of thalamus to hypothalamus?

Back 55

Central Tegmental tract

Front 56

SVE motor of 7 controls muscles from which arch? And where are the LMN's located?

Back 56

2nd pharengeal arch. LMN's are in facial motor nucleus.

Front 57

Laterality of SVE of 7?

Back 57

Innervates muscles of ipsilateral side

Front 58

Facial Motor component serves as efferent limb for which reflex?

Back 58

BLINK

Front 59

CBT input to face is bilateral to facial neurons on upper face but _____ to neurons on lower face?

Back 59

Contralateral

Front 60

If a Unilateral UMN is paralyzed in the face where is the paralysis?

Back 60

Contralateral lower face

Front 61

If paralysis is on unilateral LMN the paralysis is where?

Back 61

Upper and lower ipsilateral face

Front 62

Lesions within the pons produce deficits where?

Back 62

In 6 and in 7

Front 63

Lesions at the cerebellopontine angle produce deficits where?

Back 63

7 and 8

Front 64

GVE of 7= parasympatetic terminate on 3 glands what are they? 2 Ganglions what are they?

Back 64

Submandibular, Sublingual, Lacrimal and nasal glands

Pterygopalatine and submandibular ganglion

Front 65

GSA of 9 have 1* cell bodies where? and 2* where? What does it form?

Back 65

1* inferior and superior glossapharyngeal ganglion. And spinal 5 nucleus

Forms afferent limb of gag reflex

Front 66

Only muscle innervated by glossopharyngeal

Back 66

Stylophargenous muscle

Front 67

SVA of Sensory of 9 does what? and lies where for 1* then travels thru _____ to get to the gustatory nucleus.

Back 67

Tastes for back 1/3 of tongue. Inferior glossopharyngeal ganglion. Solitary tract and rostral solitarynucleus.

Front 68

GVA sensory of 9 takes input from where?

Back 68

Carotid sinus and bodies. (Baroreceptors and chemoreceptors respectively)

Front 69

GVA of 9 follow the same pathway as SVA with one difference which is?

Back 69

Inferior glosso ganglion-->solitary tract-->caudal solitary nucleus-->caudal solitatry nucleus.

Front 70

What are the main uses of GVA 9?

Back 70

Reticular formation and hypothalamus
Reflex control of cardiovas + respiratory

Operate on subconcious level

Front 71

SVE motor of 9 innerveate 1 muscle which is? Comes from which arch? LMN is located where?

Back 71

Stylopharyngeus and 3rd brachial arch.
Nucleus ambiguus

Front 72

GVE of 9 comes from the inferior salivatory nucleus to travel thru???

Back 72

The lesser petrosal nerve to the otic ganglion thru auriculotemporal nerve to the parotid gland

Front 73

Vagus has 1* in? 2* and gets to the thalamus the same way as what other 3 nerves?

Back 73

1* in superior and inferior vagal ganglia
2* in spinal trigeminal nucleus
Same as V, VII, and IX

Front 74

SVA of vagus provide taste to epiglotus. Travel from 1* in to solitary tract and rostral solitary nucleus

Back 74

Inferior vagal ganglion to solitary tract to rostral solitary nucleus

Front 75

The GVA sensory of vagus recieves input from the aortic sinus, aortic bodies, pharynx larynx thoracic and abdominal space. What is the pathway from 1* to 3*

Back 75

1* inferior vagal ganglion to
solitatry tract to caudal solitary nucleus upwards

Front 76

SVE of Vagus innervates muscles from which arch? LMN's are located where?

Back 76

4th and 6th brachial arches. Nucleus ambigous

Front 77

What happens if LMN of vagus are damaged? Unilateral? Bilateral?

UMN unilateral?

Back 77

-No gag reflex, ips paralysis of soft palate, difficulty breathing/swallowing, UVULA deviates to the normal side

Bilateral is usually fatal due to asphyxiation.

No damage since covered by 2 cerebral hemispheres

Front 78

GVE motor of Vagus paraympathetic arise from 2 areas and affect what?

Back 78

Nucleus ambiguus= heart
dorsal motor nucleus of vagus= abdominal and thoracic viscera

Front 79

Where are the LMN of the CN XI located?

Back 79

From Spinal accessory nucleus

Front 80

Lesions of LMN XI

Back 80

LMN is downward lateral rotation of scapula, and shoulder drop. Weakness in turning the head to the side contralateral to lesion.

Front 81

Lesion of UMN XI

Back 81

Transient contra paresis of trap or SCM

Front 82

Hypoglossal innervates the tongue muscles. LMN are where?

Back 82

Hypoglossal nucleus

Front 83

The hypoglossal nucleus is located where?

Back 83

Midline floor of the 4th ventricle. Beneath hypoglossal trigone

Front 84

LMN lsion of XII?

Back 84

Ipsilatarial weakness and atrophy and deviation of tongue to same side when protruded

Front 85

UMN lesion of XII==

Back 85

Presents with contralateral weakness so tongue deviates to the side opposite the lesiion