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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
~ 90% of community-acquired viral meningitis is due to what?
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Enteroviruses
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what is the most significant cause of fungal meningitis?
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Cryptococcus neoformans
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children who get "aseptic" meningitis....normal cause??
when are they getting it? |
Coxsackie A, B, echoviruses
Late summer or early fall --when kids go back to school Both fecal-oral and respiratory transmission |
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Patients present with fever, chills, headache, stiff neck, nausea
and vomiting, photophobia. May be signs of mental dysfunction. You suspect meningitis, but are unsure... your first step is to: send off labs to find out if it is viral or bacterial start anitbacterial tx immediately obtain an MRI dont worry about tx, most meningitis is viral and self limited |
start antibacterial therapy immediately
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describe what your WBC count will be like in bacterial and viral meningits
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bacterial: +1000, PMNs
viral: less, lymphocytes |
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in the winter time, what 2 viruses could have caused meningitis?
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enterovirus or herpes
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what fungal infection can cause CNS infections without pts being immunocompromised??
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C. gatti
more pathogenic than - Cryptococcus neoformans |
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what are some of the pathogenic factors of - Cryptococcus neoformans? 3
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Negatively charged capsule (inhibits phagocytosis);
excess production of capsular material inhibits chemotaxis melanin production: from conversion of brain catecholamines (e.g., DOPA, acts as a chemoattractant); Also utilizes nitrogen from creatine, creatinine. melanin protects organism from oxidative compounds (free radicals) produced by macrophages |
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how is Cryptococcus neoformans obtained?
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Inhaled as a yeast:
From dried pigeon or blackbird droppings (nitrogen rich). No person-person spread. Does not cause disease in pigeon Primarily in immunocompromised, spread via blood to CNS |
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if you suspect at all that a pt has cryptoccocal meningitis, what is the standard test?
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Traditional:
India Ink Stain (of CSF) |
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tx for cryptococcal meninigits?
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typically itraconazole
amp B or fluconazole would work |