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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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define epilepsy...
incidence? |
2 or more unprovoked seizures
incidence is highest in kids and old folk |
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in-between epileptic seizures, what is a common finding on EEG?
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Spikes
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What happens in an absence seizure? clinically and EEG
(o) |
Clinic: pt suddenly stops responding/no eye contact for about 7 seconds and then just resumes back to normal (full recovery)
EEG: sudden spiking in all leads, quick onset, quick ending |
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What happens in a tonic-clonic seizure? clinically and EEG
(o) |
Clinic: abrupt onset with no warning, pt starts arching back (tonic) and then clonic (shaking all over),
NO IMMEDIATE RECOVERY, pt might have pissed themselves, bit their tongue, want to go to bed--this is what you classically think of as a seizure EEG: sudden rapid hashy spiking (tonic) in all leads, followed by spike then pause, spike then pause (in all leads) leading to the jerkiness (clonic). When the seizure ends, the EEG is not completely normal (shows the disorientation when it ends) |
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What happens in a Partial Simple Seizure? clinically and EEG
(o) |
specific to what brain area is affected (only occurs on ONE SIDE)
for example, a pt could have a left motor seizure causing a right arm tremor. Pt is wide awake, aware of the symptoms, but can't stop them EEG: Will only see irregular activity in certain leads (that correspond to one side of the brain, thus focal) |
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What happens in a Partial Complex Seizure? clinically and EEG
(o) |
occurs in the Temporal lobe
usually clouding of consciousness EEG: Will only see irregular activity in certain leads (that correspond to one side of the brain, thus focal) **Can occur in 4 places:** anterior-deja vu/psychic symptoms Sylvian- Epigastric sensation, movement of mouth and face Mid-temporal - auditory hallucinations, depersonalization posterior temporal-Complex visual hallucinations |
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a pt says every now and then I keep seeing a pack of wild dogs that nobody else can see...what is this?
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Partial-Complex Seizure
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what is common and similar in Absence and Partial Complex Seizures
Consider: brain involvement Age of pt Duration Sx recalled by pt Movements or behaviors After-effects EEG pattern Underlying Cause Effective Tx TEST!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! |
ONLY THING SHARED: STARING AND DECREASED RESPONSIVENESS
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The student will be able to correlate the age of onset of first seizure with likely underlying causes.
Consider: Idiopathic Febrile Birth Injury Metabolic Infection Trauma Tumor Stroke (o) |
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The student will be able to describe the means and rationale for investigation of a new seizure disorder by history, examination and ancillary testing.-JUST READ
(o) |
CBC—is there an elevated white count to imply infection?
Chemistries—especially glucose, sodium, calcium, renal function tests and liver function tests. Brain imaging to look for macroscopic focal disease, such as tumor, stroke, arteriovenous malformation or developmental anomaly. An MRI scan including coronal sections through the medial temporal lobes is ideal, but there are circumstances in which a CT is substituted, e.g. when the patient is restless, claustrophobic or has a pacemaker. An EEG, preferably sleep-deprived to increase sensitivity. Does the EEG show abnormalities, especially spikes, highly associated with seizures? If so, are they focal or generalized? |
