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67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Anosmia can be seen with
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frontal lobe lesions
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Nerves in charge of pupillary reflexes
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2, 3
Optic, oculomotor |
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CN 3 (Oculomotor) turns the eye...
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up, down, in
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CN 4 (trochlear) turns adducted eye...
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down
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Trigeminal motor muscles
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Temporal, masseter
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Trigeminal sensory
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cornea, face
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Deviation of jaw when opened to ipsilateral side may be seen with injury to
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CN 5
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Nerve of facial expressions
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CN 7
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Dysarthria can occur with lesions to
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CN 10 or 12
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Kernig's sign, when b/l, suggests
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meningeal irritation
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Flex neck to chest in supine, a positive sign would be flx of hips/knees. Suggests meningeal irritation
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Brudzinski's sign
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Pt. cannot perform the task at all, either on command or at all
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Ideational apraxia
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Stroke, TBI and SCI are all
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UMN lesions
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Polio, GB, PNI, peripheral neuropathy, radiculopathy are all
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LMN lesions
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Decorticate rigidity
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Upper limbs in flexion, lower limbs in extension
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Reflex seen on pts with corticospinal lesions
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Babinski
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Digitalis action
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Increases contractility, decreases HR
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Asthenia
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weakness due to cerebellar lesions
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Loss of motor neurons in the anterior horn cells is seen with
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ALS
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Atrophy of the basal ganglia is seen with
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PD
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Demyelination of the myelin sheath is seen with
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MS
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Causalgia is often associated with
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RSD
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DCC Rigidity
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Flex UE, Ext LE
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Morton's neuroma usually results from excessive
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pronation during stance, producing compression between the 3rd and 4th metatarsals
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____________ is a visual deficit of either the R or L halves of both eyes, caused by damage of the _______________
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Homonymous hemianopsia
contralateral optic tract |
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____________ is a visual deficit of the outside halves of both eyes (tunnel vision), caused by injuty at the _______________
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Bitemporal hemianopsia
optic chiasm |
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Blindness in one eye (monocular blindness) results from
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damage to the optic nerve
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Thalamic pain syndrome and cortical blindness may result from occlusion of this artery
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Posterior cerebral
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A locked-in state (among other sxs) may result from injury to this artery
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Vertebral-Basilar
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B/l occlusion of the ACA will typically produce
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PAAPI
Paraplegia Akinetic mutism Abulic aphasia Personality changes Incontinence |
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Global, Wernicke's or Broca's aphasia are seen with occlusion of which artery?
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MCA
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Wallenberg syndrome can result from impairment to which artery?
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VBA or PICA
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How can you stimulate the posterior elevation of the tongue for swallowing?
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firm pressure on anterior third of the tongue
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To stimulate sucking...
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deep pressure to the neck above the thyroid notch
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A TBI patient may take up to _____ to achieve maximal functional return
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1 year
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Weakness in ALS may appear first in
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the hands
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Affected nerve in Bell's palsy
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CN VII
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Weakness in GB syndrome progresses
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distal to proximal, LE to UE
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This reflex, when coupled with the positive support reaction, may cause knee hyperextension
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Crossed extension
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Normal Apgar score
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7 or better (max 10)
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Brachial plexus injury that occurs when the C5 and C6 nerve roots are stretched during the birth process
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Erb's palsy
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Brachial plexus injury that occurs when the C8 and T1 nerve roots are stretched during the birth process
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Klumpke's paralysis
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With this brachial plexus injury, a claw hand appearance is common
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Klumpke's paralysis
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Duchenne's MD progresses
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proximal to distal
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Hemisection of the SC, usually results from stab or gunshot wounds
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Brown-Sequard syndrome
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Brown Sequard syndrome- contralateral side has
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loss of pain and temperature sensation
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Injury below L1 segment that results in damage to lumbar and sacral nerve roots
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Cauda equina
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Why is regeneration possible in cauda equina?
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because damage is to peropheral nerve roots
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Spasticity is more prevalent with
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higher lesions and incomplete lesions
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Autonomic dysreflexia occurs in lesions
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above T6
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At the C3-C4 lesion level, the VC is usually
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around 15%
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Cough in pts. with a C1-T3 lesion
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weak or nonfunctional
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Cough in pts. with a T4-T8 lesion
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weak
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Cough in pts. with a T10 and below lesion
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functional
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Manual cough using abdominal compression may be performed by the pt. himself if his lesion is
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at C6 or below
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A technique used with pts. with a high level of quadriplegia in which there is an aggressive use of the tongue, pharyngeal and laryngeal structures as a respiratory pump to gulp air and increase VC
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Glossopharyngeal (Frog) breathing
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How are DTRs usually with SMA?
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diminished or absent
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Caused by partial deletion of chromosome 15
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Prader-Willi syndrome
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Death with Duchenne MD usually occurs from
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CP failure prior to age 25
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The inability to create new memory. Usually the last to recover after a comatose state.
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Anterograde memory
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Cauda equina
LMN or UMN? |
LMN
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Bladder empties reflexively for a pt. with a lesion above S2. Sacral reflex arc remains intact.
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Neurogenic bladder
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The zone of preservation can be up to
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3 levels below injury level
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Gait training for SCI is possible at level
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T9 or lower
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A decrease in BP greater than 20 mmHg after moving from supine to sitting is indicative of
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orthostatic hypotension
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Usual MOI for anterior cord syndrome
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cervical flexion
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The denial or unawareness of one's illness, often associated with unilateral neglect
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anosognosia
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