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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Q: Which part of the nervous system regulates internal body functions to maintain homeostasis?
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A: Autonomic Nervous System
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Q: What is the difference betwen White and Grey Matter?
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A: White Matter: is the myelinated axons of neurons
Grey Matter: Composed of nerve cell bodies and dendrites; it is the working area of the breain and contains the synapses or area of neuronal connection |
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Q: This part of the nervous system maintains or restores energy and inhibits/decreases activity of organs
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A: Parasympathetic Nervous System
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Q: Provide four out of six functions of the frontal lobe
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A: 1. Motor function: Controls voluntary motor activity of specific muscles
2. Premotor area: Coordinates movement of multiple muscles 3. Association cortex: allows for multimodal sensory input to trigger memory and lead to decision making 3. Seat of executive fx: working memory, reasoning, planning, judgment, behavioral cueing, intelligence, abstraction, impulse control 4. Language (Broca's area): Expressive Speech 5. Personality Variables |
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Q: Provide three out of five functions of the temporal lobe
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A: 1. Language (Wernicke's Area): Receptive speech or language comprehension
2. Primary auditory area 3. Memory 4. Emotion 5. Integration Area: Integrates vision with other sensory information |
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Q: Where is the primary visual cortex?
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A: Occipital Lobe
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Q: The primary sensory area is located in which lobe?
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A: Parietal Lobe
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Q: Which is not a part of the cerebrum?
A. Limbic System B. Hypothalamus C. Medulla D. Basal Ganglia |
A: Medulla
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Q: Which part of the limbic system is considered the sensory relay station except for smell?
A. Hypothalamus B. Thalamus C. Hippocampus D. Amygdala |
A: Thalamus
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Q: Which of the following is false regarding the basal ganglia?
A. Modulates and stabilizes somatic motor activity B. Plays role in movement initiation C. Functions in involuntary motor activities D. Functions in maintaining equilibrium |
A: D: This is the cerebellum's function
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Q: Which part of the brain stem houses the locus ceruleus where norepinephrine is synthesized?
A. Pons B. Midbrain C. Medulla D. Cerebellum |
A: Pons
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Together with the pons, this brain structure contains automatic control centers that regulate internal body functions...
A. Midbrain B. Cerebellum C. Medulla D. Pons |
A: Medulla
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Q: Which of the following is not a function of the reticular formation system?
A. Reflex B. Consciousness C. Induction of Sleep D. Vital Sign Control |
A: Induction of sleep
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Q: Explain the difference between sodium and calcium ions during depolarization and potassium and chloride ions during repolarization
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A: Depolarization: Influx of sodium and calcium ions into the cell
Repolarization: Potassium leaves the cell or chloride enters the cell |
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Q: This neurotransmitter is removed from the synaptic cleft by monoamine oxidase (MAO) enyzmatic action
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A: Dopamine
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Q: Which neurotransmitter is specifically involved in the process of kindling and is significant in the development of bipolar disorder?
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A: Glutamate
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Q: Which neurotransmitter works with GABA as an inhibitory neurotransmitter?
A. Aspartate B. Acetylcholine C. Somatostatin D. Glycine |
A: Glycine
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Q: In alzheimer's disease and impaired memory, acetylcholine is suspected to be increased or decreased?
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A: Decreased
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Q: True or false: Opioid Neuropeptides are suspected to be increased in substance abuse?
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A: Decreased
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Q: True or False: Enzymatic destruction of neurotransmitters occurs in the cytosol, dendrites, or in the synapse?
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A: Destruction does not occur in the dendrites
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Q: If the Psych NP wanted to be able to separate the white matter from the grey matter of the brain, he or she would order which of the following?
A. SPECT B. EEG C. MRI D. CT |
A: MRI
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Q: Which of the following patients would most likely be contraindicated in receiving an MRI?
A. Pt. with S/P cerebrovasular accident B. Pt. with frontotemporal seizures C. Pt. with right hip replacement D. Pt. with artifical limb attachment |
A: Pt. with right hip replacement (metallic implants contraindicated along with those with pacemakers, on ventilators, or have any type of surgical screws
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Q: Which of the following is a disturbance in the organization of voluntary action?
A. Amnesia B. Apraxia C. Agnosia D. Aphasia |
A: Apraxia
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Q: In the stress response system of the HPA axis, the hypothalmus releases which hormone?
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A: Corticotropin Releasing Hormone
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Q: Bradykinesia or hyperkinesia suggests disease of which brain structure?
A. Pons B. Medulla C. Midbrain D. Basal Ganglia |
A: Basal Ganglia
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Q: The substantia nigra where dopamine is synthesized is located in which brainstem structure?
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A: Midbrain
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Q: How would you test for deficiencies in the cerebellum?
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A: Perform Rhomberg Test
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Q: The neuron shares all of the following characteristics common to all cells except:
A. Axons B. Cell Membrane C. Nucleus D. Cytoplasm and organelles |
A: Axons
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Q: Autosomal dominant conditions maybe present in more than one generation and in up to this percent of offspring when one parent is affected
A. 20% B. 15% C. 75% D. 50% |
A: Up to 50%
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Q: What are the four nucleotide bases that make up DNA and name the two pairs created by the bases
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A: Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine
Adenine---Thymine Cytosine--Guanine |
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Q: The observable characteric of a specific trait and is connected to the genetic contributions to that trait is known as a:
A. Endophenotype B. Genotype C. Mesogenotype D. Phenotype |
A: Phenotype
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Q: True or False: The FDA requires testing for the presence of HLA-B 1502 allele in people of Asian descent priopr to being prescribed carbamazepine due to risk of steven-johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis
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A: True
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Q: All of the following would be environmental risk factors increasing the suceptibility of developing a mental disorder except:
A. Prenatal insults B. Exposure to toxins C. Divorced Parents D. Sexual Abuse |
A: Divorced Parents
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Q: Negative and cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia result from too little dopamine in which of the following pathways:
A. Mesolimbic B. Tuberoinfundibular C. Mesocortical D. Nigrostriatal |
A: Mesocortical
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Q: Which of the following are possible neurodegenerative mechanisms in schizophrenia:
A. Inadequate or improper synapse formation B. Excessive pruning of synapses C. Excitotoxic death or neurodegeneration of neurons D. A and B only E. A, B, and C |
A: A, B, and C
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Q: True or false: Schizophrenia results in smaller frontal and temporal lobes with smaller ventricles
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A: False, yes there are smaller frontal and temporal lobes, but there will be larger ventricles
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Q: Neurophysiologically, bipolar disorder is caused by all of the following except:
A. Excessive release of norepinephrine B. Overactivity of glutamate C. Dysregulation of Calcium and Sodium ions into cells D. Deficiency of GABA |
A: excessive release of norepinephrine
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Q: What are the two systems that will be activated during the brain fear circuit in anxiety?
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A: HPA Axis and ANS sympathetic nervous system (i.e. noradrenergic)
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Q: Which of the following are neurotransmitters involved in suppressing the fear circuit?
A. Serotonin and Dopamine B. Dopamine and Norepinephrine C. Serotonin and GABA D. GABA and Norepinephrine |
A: Serotonin and GABA
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Q: In ADHD, which pathway(s) mediate attention, arousal, and concentration?
A. Serotonergic prefrontal pathway B. Dopaminergic mesocortical pathway C. Norepinephrine prefontal pathway D. Both B and C |
A: Both B and C
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Q: We treat ADD and ADHD by increasing the levels of norepinephrine and/or dopamine with stimulants
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A: True
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Q: In ADHD, motor hyperactivity is mediated by dopamine activity in which pathway?
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A: Nigrostriatal pathway
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Q: Name three out of four etiological factors in the development of dementia
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A: 1. Cholingeric deficit hypothesis
2. Neurofibrillary tangles 3. Neuritic plaques with beta-amyloid cores 4. Glutamate excitotoxicity and neurodegeneration |
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Q: in this type of dementia there is atrophy in the frontotemporal regions due to neuronal loss, gliosis, and masses of cytoskeletal elements
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A: Pick's disease
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Q: True or false: Asians require 1/2 to 1/3 more of the antipsychotic dose than other ethnicities
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A: False, 1/2 to 1/3 less the dose
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Q: A nine year old male patient is brought into the oupatient psychiatric clinic because of increasing obsessions about contamination, excessive handwashing, and refusing to go to school because he feels his classmates will contaminate him. Mother states his obssessive/compulsive symptoms began three days ago. When asking the mother about his medical history, she states he is basically healthy, except he has had a slight fever and a very bad sore throat. What should the Psych NP include in her differential diagnosis as suspecting of the child's psychiatric symptoms?
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A: The child may have PANDAS which stands for Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections. Group A Strep may cause a sudden onset of OCD in children. The Psych NP would send the child to medical provider to get a rapid strep test. If positive, indicative of PANDAS, if there is no previous psych. history of OCD symptoms.
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Q: Which of the following disorders has the highest genetic risk of transference?
A. Schizophrenia B. Biopolar Disorder C. Autism D. ADHD |
A: Autism, has a 90% risk of genetic transference
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