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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the five drugs used to treat glaucoma.
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alpha agonists
Beta blockers Diuretics (CAI and mannitol) Cholinergic agonists Prostaglandins |
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Morphine
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MOA: agonize opiod receptors: blocks Ca++ and opens K+ channels to DECREASE SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION.
CLIN: Pain, cough, pulmonary edema AE: resp depression, miosis, constipation, additive CNS depression with other drugs. |
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fentanyl
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MOA: agonize opiod receptors: blocks Ca++ and opens K+ channels to DECREASE SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION.
CLIN: Pain, cough, pulmonary edema AE: resp depression, miosis, constipation, additive CNS depression with other drugs. |
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codeine
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MOA: agonize opiod receptors: blocks Ca++ and opens K+ channels to DECREASE SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION.
CLIN: Pain, cough, pulmonary edema AE: resp depression, miosis, constipation, additive CNS depression with other drugs. |
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meperidine
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MOA: agonize opiod receptors: blocks Ca++ and opens K+ channels to DECREASE SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION.
CLIN: Pain, cough, pulmonary edema AE: resp depression, miosis, constipation, additive CNS depression with other drugs. |
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What drugs work on the opiod receptors?
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Mu: morphine
delta: enkephalin kappa: dynorphin |
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butorphanol
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MOA: partial agonist at opiod mu receptor, agonist at kappa
CLIN: Pain. causes less resp depression than other full agonists AE: causes withdrawal if used with full opiod agonist |
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tramadol
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MOA: weak opiod agonist. also inhibits serotonin and NE reuptake
CLIN: Chronic pain AE: miosis, resp depression, constipation, addiction. DECREASES SEIZURE THRESHOLD!!! |
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First line treatment for tonic-clonic seizures?
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penytoin, carbamazepine, valproic acid
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First line treatment for absence seizures?
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Ethosuximide
Valproic acid can be used too |
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First line treatment for status epilepticus?
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BZD for acute
Phenytoin for prophylaxis |
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What drug is useful in treating seizures in pregnant women?
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MgSO4
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phenytoin
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MOA: blocks Na+ channels. Increases refractory period, inhibiting glutamate release from the excitatory presynaptic neuron
CLIN: tonic clonic seizures AE: nystagmus, SLE-like syndrome, induces cytochrome P450, gingival hyperplasia in children, megaloblastic anemia, teratogenic |
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barbiturates
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MOA: facilitates GABA by INCREASING duration of Cl- channel opening, thus decreasing neuron firing
CLIN: anxiety, seizures, insomnia, induction of anesthetic AE: dependence, resp and cv depression, induces P450. CI in porphyria! |
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benzodiazepines
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MOA: facilitates GABA release by increasing the FREQUENCY of Cl- channel openings
CLIN: anxiety, spasticity, status epilepticus AE: dependence, additive CNS depression effect. |
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Haloperidol
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MOA: blocks D2 channel, increasing cAMP
CLIN: schizophrenia (positive symptoms), tourettes, psychosis AE: lipid soluble, and slow to be removed from the body Extrapyramidal effects endocrine side effects AE from blocking muscarinic, alpha, and histamine receptors Neuroleptic malignant syndrome tardive dyskinesia |
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trifluoperazine
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MOA: blocks D2 channel, increasing cAMP
CLIN: schizophrenia (positive symptoms), tourettes, psychosis AE: lipid soluble, and slow to be removed from the body Extrapyramidal effects endocrine side effects AE from blocking muscarinic, alpha, and histamine receptors Neuroleptic malignant syndrome tardive dyskinesia |
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fluphenazine
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MOA: blocks D2 channel, increasing cAMP
CLIN: schizophrenia (positive symptoms), tourettes, psychosis AE: lipid soluble, and slow to be removed from the body Extrapyramidal effects endocrine side effects AE from blocking muscarinic, alpha, and histamine receptors Neuroleptic malignant syndrome tardive dyskinesia |
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thioridazine
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MOA: blocks D2 channel, increasing cAMP
CLIN: schizophrenia (positive symptoms), tourettes, psychosis AE: lipid soluble, and slow to be removed from the body Extrapyramidal effects endocrine side effects AE from blocking muscarinic, alpha, and histamine receptors Neuroleptic malignant syndrome tardive dyskinesia |
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chlorpromazine
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MOA: blocks D2 channel, increasing cAMP
CLIN: schizophrenia (positive symptoms), tourettes, psychosis AE: lipid soluble, and slow to be removed from the body Extrapyramidal effects endocrine side effects AE from blocking muscarinic, alpha, and histamine receptors Neuroleptic malignant syndrome tardive dyskinesia |
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what typical antipsychotics will have extrapyrimidal effects?
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haloperidol, trifluoperazine, fluphenazine
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what typical antipsychotics will have muscarinic, alpha, and histamine effects?
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thioridazine, chlorpromazine
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clozapine
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MOA: block serotinin, dopamine, alpha, and H1 receptors.
CLIN: schizophrenia (negative and positive) AE: fewer extrapyramidal and anticholinergic side effects than typical antipsychotics. Clozapine may cause agranulocytosis |
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olanzapine
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MOA: block serotinin, dopamine, alpha, and H1 receptors.
CLIN: schizophrenia (negative and positive) AE: fewer extrapyramidal and anticholinergic side effects than typical antipsychotics. |
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quetipine
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MOA: block serotinin, dopamine, alpha, and H1 receptors.
CLIN: schizophrenia (negative and positive) AE: fewer extrapyramidal and anticholinergic side effects than typical antipsychotics. |
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risperidone
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MOA: block serotinin, dopamine, alpha, and H1 receptors.
CLIN: schizophrenia (negative and positive) AE: fewer extrapyramidal and anticholinergic side effects than typical antipsychotics. |
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aripiprazole
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MOA: block serotinin, dopamine, alpha, and H1 receptors.
CLIN: schizophrenia (negative and positive) AE: fewer extrapyramidal and anticholinergic side effects than typical antipsychotics. |
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ziprasidone
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MOA: block serotinin, dopamine, alpha, and H1 receptors.
CLIN: schizophrenia (negative and positive) AE: fewer extrapyramidal and anticholinergic side effects than typical antipsychotics. |
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buspirone
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MOA: stimulates serotonin receptors
CLIN: generalized anxiety. |
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imipramine
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MOA: blocks reuptake of NE and serotonin
CLIN: major depression, OCD, fibromyalgia. Imipramine for bed wetting!! AE: sedation, atropine-like effects. TOXICITY: convulsions, coma, cardiotoxicity (arrhythmias), resp depression, hyperpyrexia |
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amitriptyline
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MOA: blocks reuptake of NE and serotonin
CLIN: major depression, OCD, fibromyalgia AE: sedation, atropine-like effects. TOXICITY: convulsions, coma, cardiotoxicity (arrhythmias), resp depression, hyperpyrexia |
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desipramine
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MOA: blocks reuptake of NE and serotonin
CLIN: major depression, OCD, fibromyalgia AE: sedation, atropine-like effects. TOXICITY: convulsions, coma, cardiotoxicity (arrhythmias), resp depression, hyperpyrexia |
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nortriptyline
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MOA: blocks reuptake of NE and serotonin
CLIN: major depression, OCD, fibromyalgia AE: sedation, atropine-like effects. TOXICITY: convulsions, coma, cardiotoxicity (arrhythmias), resp depression, hyperpyrexia |
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clomipramine
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MOA: blocks reuptake of NE and serotonin
CLIN: major depression, OCD, fibromyalgia AE: sedation, atropine-like effects. TOXICITY: convulsions, coma, cardiotoxicity (arrhythmias), resp depression, hyperpyrexia |
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doxepin
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MOA: blocks reuptake of NE and serotonin
CLIN: major depression, OCD, fibromyalgia AE: sedation, atropine-like effects. TOXICITY: convulsions, coma, cardiotoxicity (arrhythmias), resp depression, hyperpyrexia |
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amoxapine
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MOA: blocks reuptake of NE and serotonin
CLIN: major depression, OCD, fibromyalgia AE: sedation, atropine-like effects. TOXICITY: convulsions, coma, cardiotoxicity (arrhythmias), resp depression, hyperpyrexia |
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fluoxetine
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MOA: serotonin specific reuptake inhibitor
CLIN: depression, OCD, bulimia, social phobias AE: GI distress and sexual dysfunction |
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paroxetine
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MOA: serotonin specific reuptake inhibitor
CLIN: depression, OCD, bulimia, social phobias AE: GI distress and sexual dysfunction |
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sertaline
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MOA: serotonin specific reuptake inhibitor
CLIN: depression, OCD, bulimia, social phobias AE: GI distress and sexual dysfunction |
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citalopram
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MOA: serotonin specific reuptake inhibitor
CLIN: depression, OCD, bulimia, social phobias AE: GI distress and sexual dysfunction |
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venlafaxine
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MOA: inhibit serotonin and NE reuptake. Note that this is not a block, like TCAs
CLIN: Depression, generalized anxiety AE: increased BP, stimulation effects, sedation, nausea |
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duloxetine
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MOA: inhibits serotonin and NE reuptake. Note that this is not a block, like TCAs
CLIN: depression, diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Duloxetine has a greater effect on NE AE: increased BP, stimulation, sedation, nausea |
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phenelzine
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MOA: nonselective MAO inhibition, which increases NE, serotonin, dopamine)
CLIN: atypical depression, anxiety, hypochondriasis AE: serotonin syndrome when used with SSRI or meperidine (CI!!), hypertensive crisis with tyramine ingestion |
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tranylcypromine
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MOA: nonselective MAO inhibition, which increases NE, serotonin, dopamine)
CLIN: atypical depression, anxiety, hypochondriasis AE: serotonin syndrome when used with SSRI or meperidine (CI!!), hypertensive crisis with tyramine ingestion |
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isocarboxazid
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MOA: nonselective MAO inhibition, which increases NE, serotonin, dopamine)
CLIN: atypical depression, anxiety, hypochondriasis AE: serotonin syndrome when used with SSRI or meperidine (CI!!), hypertensive crisis with tyramine ingestion |
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selegiline
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MOA: selective MAO-B inhibitor, which increases NE, serotonin, dopamine)
CLIN: atypical depression, anxiety, hypochondriasis AE: serotonin syndrome when used with SSRI or meperidine (CI!!), hypertensive crisis with tyramine ingestion |
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buproprion
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Increases NE and dopamine
used for smoking cessation May cause seizures in bullimics |
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mirtazapine
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alpha 2 agonist, increasing NE and serotonin
why the christ would you use this? |
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trazodone
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inhibits serotonin reuptake
used for insomnia AE: sedation, nausea, priapism, postural hypotension trazoBONE (ha ha) |
