Neuro Drugs

Front 1

What neurotransmitter abnlity causes Parkinsons?

Back 1

low DA

Front 2

Parkinson's Cocktail

Back 2

"A BLASTA"
Anticholinergics
Bromocriptine, pergolide, pramipexole
L-dopa/carbidopa
Amantadine
Slegiline
Talcopone
Amitriptyline (works for Parkinsons bc it is Anticholinergic & antidepres)

Front 3

Bromocriptine
MOA:
uses:
S/E:

Back 3

MOA: partial DA agonist
uses: Parkinsons; esp for what is described as "freezing" (sudden episodes of hesitancy or immobility)
S/E: egot derivative (s/e= pulmonary fibrosis, retroperotineal fibrosis)

Front 4

Amantadine
MOA:
uses:

Back 4

MOA:
1) inc dopamine release
2) interferes w/ ion channel M2 to prevent uncoating of viruses
3) Anticholinergic properties

uses:
1) Parkinsons (only transiently improves symptoms)
2) flu
3) anticholinergic properties improve dystonia

Front 5

L-dopa
MOA:
uses:
tox:
antidote:

Back 5

MOA: DA analogue that can cross BBB (unlike DA)
uses: Parkinsons
tox:
peripheral affects of L-dopa= arrhythmia, n/v, postural hypOtn, hot flashes

central effects of L-dopa= anxiety, agitation, insomnia, confusion, delusions, hallucinations; "on-off" phenomenon leads to fluctuations in symptoms over the course of the day- this occurs once pt has been on L-Dopa for 5 to 7 years. (so try and put off starting Sinemet (Carbidopa-Levodopa for as long as possible)

long-term use: dyskinesia after dose taken, akinesia bw doses

Antidote:
carbidopa is given with L-dopa to limit peripheral s/e's

Front 6

Carbidopa
MOA
uses

Back 6

MOA: inhibits DOPA decarboxylase outside the blood-brain-barrier (not w/in blood-brain-barrier)!
uses: Parkinsons (w/ L-dopa)

Front 7

Carbidopa is given with L-dopa to limit periperhal s/e's (arrhythmia, n/v, postural hypOtn, hot flashes)

Back 7

Carbidopa can limit peripheral affects of L-dopa (arrhythmia, orthostatics, n/v) but not central affects

Front 8

There is an emetic center inside the BBB and one outside the BBB
1) what is the one inside the BBB called?
2) what is the one outside the BBB called?
3) which neurotransmitter are these areas sensitive to?

Back 8

1) inside= chemotactic trigger zone
2) outside= area postrema
3) both areas are sensitive to DA

Front 9

Selgiline
MOA:
uses:
tox

Back 9

MOA: inh MAO-B (which degrades DA in presynaptic neurons)
uses: Parkinsonism (use conjunctively with L-dopa)
S/E: may potentiate s/e's of L-dopa

Front 10

Sumatriptan
MOA:
uses:
tox:
CI:

Back 10

MOA: 5HT 1B/1D agonist
uses: migraine, cluster HA
tox: coronary vasospasm, tingling
CI: CAD, Prinzmetal's

Front 11

Sumatriptan is an agonist to 5HT 1B/1D. This has an effect on 3 things

Back 11

1) vasoconstrict
2) inh trigeminal nrv activation
3) inh vasoactive peptide release

Front 12

Alzheimer's has 2 brain abnlities

Back 12

1) Excitotoxicity (overstim of neurons)
2) Reduced activity of cholinergic neurons

Front 13

2 ways to treat Alzheimers

Back 13

1) decrease glutamates influence on NMDA receptors
2) inc availability of Ach, so that more can act on the hypOactive cholinergic neurons

Front 14

2 classes of drugs used in Alzheimers

Back 14

1) NMDA rec antagonist
2) Achesterase inh

Front 15

What is the NMDA rec antagonist used in Alzheimers?

Back 15

Memantine

Front 16

What are the Achesterase inh used in Alzheimer's?

Back 16

1) Tacrine
2) Galatamine
3) Riveostigmine
4) Donezapil

"Tacky Girls have Riveting Dementia"

Front 17

Memantine
MOA
uses
tox

Back 17

MOA: NMDA rec antagonist
uses: Alzheimers
tox: dizziness, confusion, hallucinations

Front 18

What is root of problem in Huningtons?

Back 18

low GABA
(high DA relative to GABA)

Front 19

3 ways to treat Hunington's

Back 19

1) inc GABA effects
2) dec DA effects
3) dec neurotransmitters in synaptic jxns (to dec dyskinesia involved)

Front 20

Hunington's cocktail

Back 20

1) Haloperidol
2) Reserpine
3) Tetrabenzia

"HeaRT Hunington's"

Front 21

Haloperidol
MOA:
uses:
tox:

Back 21

MOA: DA agonist
uses: psychosis, schizophrenia, Huntingtons
tox: EPS, NMS

Front 22

Reserpine
MOA:
uses:

Back 22

MOA: blocks vesicle transporting neurotransmitters from cell body to post-syn cleft.
uses: dyskinesia (ie Hunington's)

Front 23

Tetrabenzia
MOA:
uses:

Back 23

MOA: blocks vesicle transporting neurotransmitters from cell body to post-syn cleft.
uses: dyskinesia (ie Hunington's, tics, tardive dyskinesia, hemiballismus)

"use tetra for 4 things: H,H,T,T"

Front 24

Which alzheimer's drug is thought to increase memory?

Back 24

Donezapil

Front 25

Name the DA agonists used to treat Parkinsons (3)

Back 25

1) Bromocriptine
2) Pergolide
3) Pramipexole

Front 26

Rx for ALS? MOA?

Back 26

Rx: Riluzole
MOA: blocks Na channels of damaged neurons--> reduces influx of Ca ions--> glutamate receptors are NOT stimulated!

(prevents stimulation of glutamate rec's)

Front 27

Rx for RLS (restless leg synd)? MOA?

Back 27

Rx: Pramipexol
MOA: DA agonist

***also use Fe supplements!

Front 28

Rx for essential tremor? MOA?

Back 28

Rx: propanolol and or primidone

primidone: anticonvulsant

Front 29

Rx for REM sleep disturbance? MOA?

Back 29

clonazepam
MOA: benzo

Front 30

What is opsoclonus?
Rx:
MOA:

Back 30

opsoclonus= dancing eyes
Rx: clonazepam
MOA: benzo

Front 31

Rx for tourrets

Back 31

1) clonidine
2) haldol
3) pimozide

Front 32

1st line rx for menopausal sx's

Back 32

clonodine or venlefaxine (SNRI)