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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Teratogens Agenesis |
The failure of an organ to develop |
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Dysgenesis |
Abnormal development of an organ |
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Teratogen diseases |
Rubella, influenza, mumps, sexually transmitted diseases, drugs, |
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Teratogens Environment |
Environmental toxins such as mercury, carbon monoxide, lead, and polychlorinated biphenyls and radiation |
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Teratogen impact |
Particular period of rapid brain growth, the genetic makeup of he child/mother, the quality of the intrauterine environment and the dosage of experience, spontaneous abortions, |
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Polymicrogyria |
Distribution of the structure of developing |
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Porencephaly |
Brain formation in which cystic lesions are on the surface of the brain |
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Heavy metals as neuron toxins |
-Lead most widespread neurotoxins in the world due to its presence in gasoline, paint, and industrial plants. - can be exposed through both older and substandard homes painted with lead- based paint, contaminated soil, and water - major source for pregnant industrial/ work setting. |
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Birth accidents: anoxia |
-Complete cessation of oxygen supply to the brain. - occurs with stroke, severe traumas to the brain such as a gunshot wound. |
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Birth accidents : medication |
Introduced using labor and deliveries |
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Trauma |
Mechanical injury to the skull and brain caused by trauma damage during delivery |
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Brain plasticity |
-The enduring changes in neural activity that accompany learning, or the recorder of behavioral functioning after brain injury or disease. - greatest during developmental periods when synaptic density is highest |
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Kennard principle |
Suggests that the immature brain is more plastic than the mature brain |
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Brain differences with age and injury |
Age: children w/ early focal brain injury have milder and less extensive cognitive and emotional impairments then adults with comparable lesions -Earlier lesions can have effect on developing functions. -before age 1 more global and lasting impairment. - 1-5 neural reorganization and sparing function is possible. - after age 5 minimal recovery of function.
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Language development functions |
- young children who experience such injury rarely suffer from aphasia, most w/ early left hemp damage acquire language abilities within the lower end of the average range - adults w/ similar lesions show high prevalence of aphasic disorders and recovery is less likely |
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Anencephaly |
Failure in development of the two hemispheres. Produces severe neurological deficits and is incompatible w/ life |
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Hydrocephalus |
Ventricles become abnormally enlarged most related to problem with cerebrospinal fluid flow, production, or absorption |
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Hydranencephaly |
Absent to varying degrees |
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Spinal bifida |
By an opening in the spinal cord, consequence of a failure of the prosterior end of the neural tube to close during despairing |
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Obstructive or noncommunicating HC |
-A form of hydrocephalus produced by obstruction within the ventricular system. -consequence of congenital malformation, rumors, or scaring |
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Arnold chiari |
A condition in which brain tissue extends into the spinal canal, present at birth |
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HC impact on brain and treatment |
-Unchecked HC has a devastating impact on brain development. -As CSF volume increases, the ventricles progressively enlarge in a posterior to anterior direction w/ corresponding disruption of brain anatomy and function Treatment- shunt: drains excessive CSF away from the ventricular system into our stomach |
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Turner's |
-Failure to develops secondary sexual characteristics short stature, webbed neck, and cubitus valgus. -caused by an anomaly in the X chromosome(female). |
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Williams |
Recognizable pattern of dysmorphic facial features, cardiovascular and physical abnormalities, mental retardation, a specific cognitive profile, and a distinct personality |
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Fetal alcohol system: features |
Growth retardation, widely spaced eyes, shortened length of eyelids, elongated midface, flattened nose, thin upper lip. |
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FAE |
Children who are exposed to alcohol in utero but fail to show growth deficits or other abnormalities of FAS may still show functional impairments of FAS. - may manifest sensory and sensorimotor impairments speech and language delay, cognitive and learning weakness, impulsivity and hyperactivity |
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Neuropathology |
Consequence of alcohol use of mother during pregnancy. - teratogenic effects of prenatal alcohol exposure to intake (amount, frequency, and drinking patterns(, period of brain development and maternal health poorly understood |
