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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The area of the left posterior fusiform gyrus that responds preferentially to word like stimulus is called what?
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Visual word form area
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What refers to the condition where a patient can read but cannot write
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Alexia without agraphia
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The corpus callosum maintains a regional topography such that what?
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Posterior parts of the cortex connect through posterior parts of the corpus callosum
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Brain regions compromise part of a core network for reading that include
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interior frontal gyrus
angular gyrus posterior occipitotemporal (fusiform) gyrus |
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The "dual route" theory proposes what?
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Two reading routes called direct access and phonological mediation
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Phonological dyslexia describes what?
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The disorder in which patients can read real words better than non-words
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Surface dyslexia describes what?
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The disorder in which patients can read non-words equally compared to real words.
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What are targets of CNS motor pathways?
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Lower motor neurons in the brainstem and spinal cord
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The majority of fibers of the corticospinal tract cross at what in the medulla?
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The pyramidal decussation
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Which of the following supports the possibility of whole word recognition?
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Word length does not affect visual word recogni6on
response 6me – Word superiority effect • e.g., detec6ng ‘r’ is enhanced if presented with Carpet or Harpot rather than Ctrpae or even ‘r’ – In lexical decision, pseudowords are faster to reject if they do not resemble real words (Brinj vs. Bringe) – Suggests a dedicated mechanism for processing known words Word length does not affect visual word recogni6on response 6me – Word superiority effect • e.g., detec6ng ‘r’ is enhanced if presented with Carpet or Harpot rather than Ctrpae or even ‘r’ – In lexical decision, pseudowords are faster to reject if they do not resemble real words (Brinj vs. Bringe) – Suggests a dedicated mechanism for processing known words |
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Articulation and articulatory planning likely involves the following brain regions.
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Posterior inferior frontal gyrus
Anterior insula Cerebellum Ventral premotor cortex Supramarginal gyrus Supplementary motor cortex Primary motor cortex |
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Like the visual system, one model of language emphasizes the processing of speech through the what?
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The dorsal, and ventral streams
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Name the procedure in which sodium amabarbitual injected into one carotid artery
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the wada procedure
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Evidence from TMS suggests that speech perception in addition to involving regions for auditory perception also involves what?
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brain regions typically associated with speech production
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What is characterized by impaired comprehension, but spared producion
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The classic Wernickes’s Aphasia.
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What is characterized by impaired production, but spared comprehension
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The classic Broca’s Aphasia
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The classic model of language assumes a fundamental distinction between what
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production and comprehension.
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What is the term that describes a sound unit of speech.
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Phoneme
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The establishment of grid cell firing patterns appears to require what
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Movement
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Grid cell have been found in the what?
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entorhinal complex of the hippocampal complex
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What fires when an animal is in a particular location?
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Place Cells
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The hippocampus is located in the what?
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medial temporal lobe
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What describes spatial navigation using information about distance and direction travelled with reference to a fixed starting point?
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Dead Reckoning
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Parkinson’s disease is caused by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the compact part of the what?
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substantia niagra
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What is the inability to represent direction of orientation with respect to ones own environment, is associated with damage to the posterior cingulate gyrus
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Heading disorientation,
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The inability to use major landmarks to navigate, associated with damage to lingual gyrus, is termed what?
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landmark agnosia
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Impairments in egocentric disorientation, which describes the inability to represent object location with respect to the self, is associated with damage to the what?
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posterior parietal cortex
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One theory of Basal ganglia function is that these nuclei regulate what?
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the rate and time of cortical neuronal discharge
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Excitatory inputs enter the cerebellar cortex via the what?
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inferior and middle cerebellar peduncle.
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Inhibitory outputs to cerebellar nuclei are projected by what?
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Purkinje cells.
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Outputs from the cerebellum to the cerebral cortex project via the what?
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superior cerebellar peduncle.
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