Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
what are the two types of receptions
|
conscious
unconscious |
|
|
what are the receptors involved in conscious reception
|
exteroreceptors
somatic receptors telereceptors |
|
|
what receptors are involved in unconscious reception
|
proprioceptors
-position sense -kinesthesia enteroceptors |
|
|
what contributes to the intensity of sensation
|
frequency and duration
|
|
|
what is dectectability
|
magnitude necessary to discriminate a reference stimulus from a second stinulus increased above the intensity of the reference stimulus
|
|
|
what is transduction
|
turning amplification of sensory stimulus into electrical signal
|
|
|
what is the function of a generator potential
|
trigger action potentials
|
|
|
what are the key characteristics of a generator potential
|
stimulus increases permeabilty
very little depolarization needed graded and proportional to magnitude of stimulus decay adaptive can be shut off |
|
|
what is adaptation
|
decrease in receptor sensitivity during the course of maintained stimulus
|
|
|
what receptors are slow adapting
|
free nerve endings
merkels disks ruffinis endbulbs |
|
|
what type of stimuli are best for slow adapting receptors
|
unchanging stimuli
|
|
|
what receptors are classified as rapid adapting
|
meissners and pacinian corpuscles
|
|
|
what type of stimuli are best for rapid adapting receptors
|
changing stimuli
|
|
|
what are the functional type of receptors
|
mechanoreceptors
thermoreceptors electromagnetic chemoreceptors nociceptors |
|
|
which receptors are nonencapsulated
|
free nerve endings
merkles tactile discs hair follicle receptors |
|
|
which receptors are encapsulated
|
meisners corpuscles
pacinian corpuscles ruffinis corpuscles |
|
|
which receptors are neuromuscular
|
muscle spindles
golgi tendon organs |
|
|
what is the relationship of sensory tracts to motor tracts in the spinal cord
|
sensory tracts are more superficial and lateral than motor tracts
|
|
|
what are the receptors associated with the posterior column medial lenmiscal system
|
meisners, pacinian, ruffini, merkels endings
|
|
|
what is the function of the posterior column medial lenmiscal system
|
conscious proprioception
discriminative touch vibratory sense |
|
|
what is the path of the posterior column medial lemniscal system
|
1st order = DRG
tract = fasiculus gracilis and cuneatus 2nd order = nucleus gracilis or cuneatus cross at medulla and ascend in mediaal lemniscus 3rd order = VPL of thalmus Dest = Post central gyrus |
|
|
posterior column medial lemniscal system crossed or uncrossed
|
crossed at medulla and ascend in medial lemniscus
|
|
|
what is the function of spinocerebellar pathway
|
unconscious proprioception
|
|
|
what type of receptors are associated with spinocerebellar pathways
|
golgi tendons and muscle spindles
|
|
|
what is the path for posterior spinocerebellar pathway
|
1st = DRG
2nd = alpha motor neurons(interneuron pool), nucleus dorsalis of clark(lower extremity), accessory cuneate nucleus(upper extremity) ascend in posterior spinocerebellar tract to inferior cerebellar peduncle |
|
|
posterior spinocerebellar tract crossed or uncrossed
|
uncrossed
|
|
|
what is the path for the anterior spinocerebellar pathway
|
1st = DRG
2nd = alphs motor neuron pool, nucleus dorsalis of clarke(lower extremity), accessory cuneate nucleus(upper extremity) Ascends in anterior spinocerebellar tract crossed directly to cerebellum then cross back to opposite side of cerebellum in superior cerebellar peduncle |
|
|
what are the functions of the spinoreticular tract
|
cortical arousal
inputs into limbic cortex nature of stimulus pain touch inputs into limbic cortes quality of stimulus aversive or pleasurable |
|
|
anterior spinocerebellar tract crossed or uncrossed
|
ascend crossed to cerebellum then cross back in superior cerebellar peduncle
|
|
|
what are the receptors associated with the spino reticular tract
|
all
|
|
|
what is the path of the spinoreticular tract
|
1st = DRG
2nd = Lamina 5-7 3rd = reticular formation at all brainstem levels ascend via ascending reticular system to thalmus |
|
|
what is the function of the spinotectal tract
|
turning eys head and trunk in direction of visual and auditory stimulus
|
|
|
what are the receptors associated with the spinotectal tract
|
pain and propriorecptors
|
|
|
what is the path of the spinotectal tract
|
1st = DRG
2nd = lamina 1-5 3rd = fibers ascend crossed to superior colliculus |
|
|
spinotectal tract crossed or uncrossed
|
crossed and ascend crossed to superior colliculus
|
|
|
what is the function of the lateral spinothalamic tract
|
pain and temperature
|
|
|
what are the receptors associated with the lateral spinothalamic tract
|
free nerve endings for pain and temp
|
|
|
what is the path of the lateral spinothalamic tract
|
1st = DRG
ascend or descend in dorsolateral tract of lissauer 2nd = lamina 1-4 cross over to other side via anterior white commisure ascend in LST 3rd = VPL of thalmus |
|
|
lateral spinothalamic tract crossed or uncrossed
|
crossed at the anterior whit commisure and then ascend in LST
|
|
|
what is the function of the anterior spinothalamic tract
|
crude touch
|
|
|
what are the receptors associated with the anterior spinothalamic tract
|
crude touch and pressure
|
|
|
what is the path of the anterior spinothalmic tract
|
1st = DRG
ascend or descend in dorsolateral tract of lissauer 2nd = lamina 2 cross to ascend on opposite side to ascend in ast 3rd = neurons of VPL of thalmus |
|
|
what is the function of the spinoolivary tract
|
cutaneous proprioception
|
|
|
what is the function of the viscerosensory tracts
|
sensory impulses for visceral pains caused by ischemia, smooth muscle spasm and distension
|
