Neuro

Front 1

substantia gelatinosa

Back 1

pain, temperature

Front 2

nucleus proprius

Back 2

crude touch

Front 3

n. thoracicus

Back 3

proprioception C8-L3

Front 4

posterior column pathway

Back 4

proprioception, vibration, fine touch

DRG cell

Posterior Column Nucleus (tracts can be gracilis or cuneatus C1-T6) (axon crosses at medulla, now called medial lemniscus)

Ventral Postero Lateral nucleus in thalamus (ATL) axon to internal capsule

Front 5

spinothalamic pathway

Back 5

pain, temperature, crude touch to substantia gelatinosa, nucleus priopias

DRG axon up to lissauer's tract

Posterior Horn cell's axon crosses at anterior wihte commisure (tract is s. gelatinosa or n. prioprios)

VPL in thalamus

Front 6

posterior spinocerebellar tract

Back 6

DRG

Clarke's column nucleus

cerebellum

didn't tell us about crossing

Front 7

lateral corticospinal tract

Back 7

Cerebral Cortex nucleus (corona radiata -pyramidal decussation-> crus cerebri)

LMN

The spinal axons are not myelinated in newborns

Front 8

Damage @ T5 and below

Back 8

1) parapalegic (lumbosacral plexus is at L2-S3)

Front 9

Damage @ T1 and below

Back 9

pupil is constricted, no sympathetics get to pupil

Front 10

Damage @ C5-T1 (cervical enlargement) and below

Back 10

there’s still some residual movements of the upper parts of the upper extremities like the shoulders and arms. The forearm and the hand aren’t functional. This is related to damage to the cervical enlargement.

Front 11

Damage @ C5 and below

Back 11

Quadriplegia

Front 12

Damage @ C5

Back 12

1) can be fatal. The phrenic nucleus comes mostly from C4.

Front 13

VPL inputs, outputs

Back 13

inputs: spinothalmic tract - pain temp crude

medial lemniscus - fine proprioception presuure vibrarion

outputs: dorsal(medial) 2/3 of postcentral gyrus

all ATL

ventral tier

Front 14

VPM inputs, outputs

Back 14

inputs: face head mouth especially CN V CN VII CN VIII

outputs: ventral (lateral) 1/3 of postcentral gyrus

all head

ventral teir

Front 15

LGN inputs outputs

Back 15

inputs: CNII

outputs: area 17

all vision

Front 16

MGN

Back 16

inputs: inferior colliculus

outputs: area 41, transverse gryus of Hschl

all audition

Front 17

Somatomotor nuclei of thalamus

Back 17

Ventral tier

VA inputs basal ganglia (substantia nigra through pars compact projects to globus pallidus)

VA outputs to area 6 and a little to area 4 (postcentral gyrus)

VL inputs: cerebeLLum's dentate nucleus and globus pallidus

outputs mostly to area 4 and a little to area 6

Front 18

visceral nuclei of the thalamus

Back 18

Anterior group (ANT)

inputs- mamillary body, hypothalamus, hippocampus, limbic

output-cingulate gyrus (limbic cortex)

Front 19

associative nuclei of the thalamus

Back 19

medial tier

DM inputs amygdala, piriform cortex, lateral hypothalamus, frontal and prefrontal lobe

DM outputs hypothalamus, frontal prefrontal cortex

Pulvinar

inputs superior colliculus, LGN, MGN
outputs visual cortex

• visual assocation cortex

• posterior parietal association cortex

• posterior temporal cortex

Front 20

Thalamic reticular nucleus inputs outputs

Back 20

inputs cerebral cortex, brainstem reticular formation

outputs: other thalamic nuclei