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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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True or False: Packet switching requires control and address bits to be added to each packet. This causes considerable overhead in packet-switching. However, circuit switching does not need extra bits are needed because it establishes a circuit. Thus,there is no overhead in circuit switching and the line utilization of circuit switching must be more efficient than in packet switching. Justify your answer. |
False packet switching is actually more efficient due its costs being shared by multiple lines. This is in contrast to circuit switching where a given line is tied up for the entirety of a communication. Packet switching sharing costs across multiple lines means that each individual packet can take the most efficient route. |
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Whydoes your computer send many packets instead of an entire messageover the Internet? |
Computers send many packets because it allows for each packet to select the most efficient route, which speeds up the network. This also means that when packets get dropped only a small portion of the message needs to be resent. |
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Whyare standards important for protocols? |
Standards are important for protocols because they make the protocol implementation independent. If a protocol follows a standard it means that no matter how it is implemented any other implementation using that same protocol can communicate with it. |
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Discuss the two advantages of layered protocols |
- Lead to breaking up the design problem into smaller, more manageable pieces. This means that at each layer the amount of work and implementation that is required is smaller. This can speed up development as well as processing. -Protocols can be changed without affecting higher or lower costs.Compartmentalization means that each layer can be changed withoutchanging any other layer. These means each piece can be individuallyoptimized without having to worry about other layers. This can beeven greater over all optimization. |
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Discuss the two disadvantages of layered protocols |
-Introduce overhead and increase processing time. Due to each layerhaving its own required functionality processing must occur at eachlayer independently of other layers. This means that there will beadditional data added at each level as well as added processing time. -Duplicate lower-layer functionality. In a single layer system anyprocessing occurs only once. While in a multi layer system someprocesses may have to occur more than once. This is due to duplicated functionality between layers where one layer may have toregenerate data generated at a separate layer. |
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Move packets to any other node in the network: |
Name of layer Internet Layer, examples IP, ARP |
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Responsible for handling frames between adjacent nodes |
Name of layer Network Interface Layer examples LAN, PPP |
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Providing services for the end users |
Name of layer Application Layer, examples FTP, SMTP |
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Responsible for communication from an application process on one computer to an application process on another host |
Name of layer Transport Layer, examples TCP, UDP |
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Responsible for hardware level controls such as voltage and interoptability |
Physical Layer |
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Trueor False: Connection oriented transport layer protocolrequires to set up connections between senders and receivers usingcircuit switching system? Justifyyour answer |
False Connection oriented transport layer protocol such as TCP can be set up over circuit switched connection or packet switched connections |
