Networking Ch 1.3

Front 1

Digital Transmission

Back 1

– Few discrete states – (2 or more but not many – binary is digital, digital is
not always binary)
Has more resistance to propagation errors (not total immunity)

Front 2

Modem (Modulator / Demodulator)

Back 2

translates between analog and digital signals for
transmission of digital (computer signals) over analog phone lines

Front 3

Packet Switching

Back 3

– created to solve the issue of bursty inefficient data transmission on reserved circuits
*** Best transmission for data traffic

Front 4

packet switch process

Back 4

Source host fragments the application message into many smaller parts called packets
Each packet is sent individually across the network to the destination host (through different
packet switches – no switch knows the entire route from source to destination only best route right now from current packet switch to the next packet switch – forwarding decision)
The destination host reassembles the message
** Allows for easier error correction (only resent the lost packet not the entire message)
** Multiple conversations can be multiplexed (mixed) on long circuits (sharing of dedicated
Circuits – Saves money)

Front 5

Physical Link

Back 5

– the path the packet takes between the source host to the switch

Front 6

Data Link

Back 6

– the entire path across the switches that a packet takes between source host and destination host

Front 7

ARPANET (packet-switched network)

Back 7

Larry Roberts funded the creation of the ___________

Front 8

IMP’s (Interface Message Processors)

Back 8

handled the networking requirements – broke message
into packets, sent message through switches, reassembled message at destination

Front 9

Network Control Programs

Back 9

______________ were used for the host-to –host interactions

Front 10

Need for Standardization was identified

Back 10

Communication, host connections, applications