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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are excitable cells that initiate and transmit nerve impulses?
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Neurons
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What do neurons do?
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Initiate and transmit nerve impulses from one part of the body to another, they also store memory
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What is the basic structural unit of the nervous system?
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Neuron
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Name 3 characteristics of neurons.
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high metabolic rate, extreme longevity, and they lose their ability to divide (mitosis), except in certain areas of the brain
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What part of the neuron serves as the neuron's control center and is responsible for receiving, integrating, and sending nerve impulses?
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The cell body
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What is within the cell body?
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nucleus and many mitochondria
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What are the cytoplasmic projections called that branch off the cell body?
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Dendrites
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what direction do dendrites conduct nerve impulses?
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Towards the cell body
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What direction does the axon conduct impulses?
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away from the cell body
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What is an axon?
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A larger, typically longer cytoplasmic projection
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All neurons have how many axons?
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one
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What are the 3 types of functional classifications for neurons?
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Sensory, motor, and interneurons
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What are sensory neurons?
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Afferent neurons, transmit nerve impulses from sensory receptors to the CNS
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What are some examples of a somatic sensory response?
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Sight, touch, smell, etc.
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What are ganglia?
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They house the cell bodies of sensory neurons.
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where are the cell bodies of sensory neurons located?
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Outside the CNS and housed in structures called ganglia.
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What do motor neurons do?
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Efferent neurons, transmit nerve impulses from the CNS to muscles and glands
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Where do the cell bodies of most motor neurons lie?
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in the spinal cord
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In motor neurons, where do the axons primarily travel?
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In cranial or spinal nerves
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Where do interneurons lie?
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Entirely within the CNS
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What do interneurons do?
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Facilitate communication between sensory and motor neurons
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What percentage of neurons are interneurons?
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99%
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