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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are nervous system organs responsible for?
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perception, integration and coordination of the human body
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What function of the nervous system which recognizes what's going on in the outside world?
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perception
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What function of the nervous system is the brain's ability to sort out and respond to multiple stimuli?
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integration
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What function of the nervous system is the sequence in proper order in human body's activities?
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coordination
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What are the anatomical divisions of the nervous system?
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Central nervous system and peripheral nervous system
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What are the divisions of the peripheral nervous system?
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somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system
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What are the divisions of the autonomic nervous system?
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sympathethic and parasympathethic
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What nervous system is best described:
" composed of the brain and spinal chord?" |
CNS
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What nervous system is best described:
" all neurons and glial cells that are not part of the brain and spinal chord?" |
peripheral nervous system
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What nervous system is best described:
" those neurons that lead to skeletal muscles over which we process conscious control ?" |
somatic nervous system
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What nervous system is best described:
" neurons in the body for which we don't have conscious control, subconsciously occurs? " |
autonomic nervous system
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What nervous system is best described:
" action of internal organs and glands?" |
autonomic nervous system
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What nervous system is best described:
" fight or flight " |
sympathethic nervous system
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What nervous system is best described:
" rest and relax/ rest and digest? " |
parasympathethic nervous system
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What are the main cell types of the nervous system?
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neurons and neuroglia
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What is best described:
" name for cells that are responsible for carrying information from point a to point b " |
interneurons
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What cell type is described:
" protects the nervous system. does NOT carry information. " |
neuroglial cells
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There are 10x more ________ than neurons.
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glial
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What is the function of neuroglial cells?
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- to support the nervous system by grouping neurons together
- nourish the conducting neurons |
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What are the types of neuroglial cells?
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astrocytes
oligodendroglia microglial cells ependymal cells schwann cells |
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What is described:
" very large star shaped cells with many tentacles " |
astrocytes
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What glial cell is described:
" function is to keep neurons attached to blood vessels." |
astrocytes
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How do astrocytes work?
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keep neurons attached to blood vessels by wrapping tentacles around both
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What glial cell is described:
" small highly phagocytotic cell" |
microglial cells
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What is the function of a microglial cell?
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to protect the nervous system from anything that shouldn't be there via phagocytosis
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What glial cell is described:
" ciliated long cells which produce cerebrospinal fluid" |
ependymal cells
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What glial cell is described:
" line the cavities of the brain " |
ependymal cells
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Where would you find schwann cells?
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wrapped around the axons of selected neurons
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What do shwann cells do?
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function to speed up action potential - make myelin
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What is myelin?
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product of a schwann cell
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What causes white areas of the brain and nervous system?
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schwann cells making myelin
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What is best described:
" 3 layered tissue that covers the entire nervous system " |
menenges
(PAD = Pia, Arachnoid, Dura) |
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What is the function of the menenges?
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protects from chemical shock, makes cerebral spinal fluid, stores cebreal spinal fluid
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What are the three layers of the meninges from outside in?
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dura matar, arachnoid matar, pia matar
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What layer of the menenges is described:
" hard mattar " |
dura mattar
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What layer of the menenges is described:
" softest layer " |
pia mattar
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What is the largest part of the brain?
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cerebrum
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What makes up the diencephalon?
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thalamus and hypothalamus
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What makes up the brain stem?
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pons, cerebellum, medulla oblongota
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The ________ connects the two hemispheres.
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corpus collosum
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The ________ is the bridge between the conscious cerebrum and the rest of the unconscious brain.
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thalamus
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All impulses that reach the cerebrum must go through the _________.
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thalamus
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What part of the brain is most responsible for conscious activity?
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cerebrum
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What part of the brain is responsible for the highest level of motor/sensory integration?
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cerebrum
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What part of the brain is the seat of potential biological intelligence?
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cerebrum
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What part of the brain is the seat of academic memory?
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cerebrum
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What part of the brain is responsible for awareness of dangerous incoming signals (learning capability)
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thalamus
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What part of the brain is responsible for associating external sensory stimulations with degrees of emotional feelings?
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thalamus
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What part of the brain regulates the activity of the autonomic nervous system?
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hypothalamus
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True or false: the pituitary gland regulates growth of the skeleton.
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true
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What part of the brain is most responsible for regulating the rhythm of respiration?
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pons
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True or false: the thalamus regulates activity of gastrointestinal tract
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false
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True or false: the hypothalamus regulates activity of gastrointestinal tract
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true
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What is the main function of the cerebellum?
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to maintain and coordinate timing of the muscle contraction
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What is the main function of the pons?
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regulate rhythm of respiration
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What is the second largest part of hte brain?
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cerebellum
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What part of the brain functions to connect the brain and spinal chord?
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medulla oblongota
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What compartment of the medulla oblongota is responsible for regulating body activity that keeps you alive?
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vital center
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What compartment of the medulla oblongota is responsible for regulating body activity like coughing, sneezing, primary sexual response?
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nonvital center
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What are the steps of an Action Potential?
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a) A stimulus is received by the dendrites.
b) Na+ channels to open, depolarizing a region of the axon (Na+ rushes into cell, membrane polarity reverses ) c) Action potential travels down the axon, reversing polarity as it goes. d) Repolarization occurs with K+ exiting the cell to return to resting state...refractory period e) Return of ions (Na+ and K+) to their original concentration |
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What is the purpose of the nodes of Ranvier
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They "recharge" the action potential during Saltatory Conduction.
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What is Saltatory Conduction
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The "leapfrog" of electrical signals across myelinated sections of an axon, from one node of Ranvier to another.
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