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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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CNS and PNS |
Two major divisions of nervous system |
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Central nervous system |
Consisting brain and spinal cord |
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Peripheral Nervous system |
Nerves emerging from the CNS and GANGLIA |
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Neuroglia |
Cells that occupy space between neurons |
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Neuroglia |
Thwy are the supporting cells of neurons |
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Neurons |
Structural units of the nervous system |
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Neurons/nerve cells |
Highly specialized cells that conduct messages in the form of nerve impulses |
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•Extreme longevity •Amitotic •Exceptionally high metabolic rate |
Special characteristics of neurons/nerve cells |
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Cell body/Perikaryon/soma |
One or more cell processes enclosed by neurolemma |
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Nissl bodies |
ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM in the perikaryon |
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Dendrites |
Main receptive input regions |
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Dendrites |
Provide a surface area for recieving signals from other neurons |
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Dendrites |
Convey incoming messages toward the cell body |
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Axon |
Conducting region of the neuron |
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Axon |
Generates nerve impulses and transmits them away from the cell body |
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Axon Hillock |
Cone-shaped area of the cell body where axon arises from |
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Axon terminals(synaptic knobs, boutons) |
Knob-like distal endings of the terminal endings of axons |
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•Anterograde movement •Retrograde movement |
Movement of impulses in axon |
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Anterograde movement |
Movement toward the axon terminal |
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Retrograde movement |
Movement away from the axon terminal |
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Myelin Sheath |
Whitish, fatty, segmented covering |
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Myelin Sheath |
Protects and electrically insulates fibers |
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Myelin sheath |
Increases speed of transmission of nerve impulses |
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Axons |
Myelin sheath are only associated with _____________. |
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Myelin sheath |
Influences the axon to conduct impulses |
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Saltatory conduction |
A conduction that is created by the NODES OF RANVIER. |
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Saltatory conduction |
Faster than the conduction in unmyelinated axons |
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Nerve impulse |
The ability of neurons to recieve, conduct, and transmit signals |
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Opening and closing of specific ion channel proteins in their membrane |
The ability of neurons to receive, conduct, and transmit signals depends upon the ______________________________________. |
