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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Names of Two Divisions |
Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System |
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Autonomic |
Carries information to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands |
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Structure and Function of Dendrites |
Branched cytoplasmic processes that attach to one side of the cell body; contain many of the organelles found in the cell body, which perform the same metabolic functions. Dendrites make up most of the receptive zone of a neuron and can detect specific changes in the surrounding environment (stimuli). |
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Gray Matter |
Contains unmyelinated structures (cell bodies, dendrites) |
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Multipolar Neurons |
99% of neurons; many processes; most neurons of CNS |
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Interneurons |
Link neurons; multipolar; located in CNS |
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Astrocytes |
Scar tissue; mop up excess ions, etc.; induce synapse formation; connect neurons to blood vessels |
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Resting Membrane Potential (RMP) |
Inside of cell is negative relative to the outside of the cell |
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Action Potentials |
Sodium channels open and membrane depolarizes (toward 0) Potassium leaves cytoplasm and membrane repolarizes (+30) |
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All or None Response |
If a neuron responds at all, it responds completely. A nerve impulse is conducted whenever a stimulus of threshold intensity or above is applied to an axon. All impulses carried in an axon are the same strength. |
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Optic Nerve |
Vision |
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Oculomotor Nerve |
Move the eye, adjust the amount of light entering the eye, and focus the lens of the eye |
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Trochlear Nerve |
Move the eye |
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Trigeminal Nerve |
Mastication and sensory impulses from skin of face and scalp |
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Abducens Nerve |
Move the eye |
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Facial Nerve |
Muscles of facial expression, salivary glands and tear glands and taste in anterior tongue |
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Vestibulocochlear Nerve |
Hearing and equilibrium |
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Glossopharyngeal Nerve |
Muscles of swallowing and salivary glands, taste in posterior tongue, and sensory impulses from pharynx and carotid arteries |
