Nervous System 1

Front 1

What are the functions (3) of the Nervous system?

Back 1

Detect changes and feel sensations, Initiate responses to changes, and Organize and store information.

Front 2

The centeral nervous system (CNS) consists of the ______ and ______.

Back 2

brain and spinal

Front 3

The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consist of the _____ and _____ nerves.

Back 3

cranial and spinal

Front 4

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is part of the _____ nervous system division.
CNS or PNS

Back 4

peripheral
PNS

Front 5

The term that means nerve cell is ____________.

Back 5

neuron

Front 6

Name the 3 major parts of a neuron.

Back 6

cell body
axon
dendrites

Front 7

Neuron cell body contains the ________, cell bodies are in the ____ or in the trunk and are protected by bone.

Back 7

nucleus

CNS

Front 8

_____ carries impulses away from the cell body.

Back 8

Axon

Front 9

________ contains the nucleus of the neuron.

Back 9

Cell body

Front 10

_______ carries impulses toward the cell body.

Back 10

dendrites

Front 11

The space between the axon of one neuron and the dendrites of the cell body of the next neuron is called the __________.

Back 11

snapse

Front 12

In the PNS, the myelin sheath is made by cells called ______.

Back 12

schwann cells

Front 13

In the CNS, the myelin sheath is made by cells called ___________.

Back 13

oligodendrocytes

Front 14

The function of the myelin sheath is to provide _________ ________ for neurons.

Back 14

electrical insultation

Front 15

In the PNS, the neurolemma is formed by which parts of the Schwann cells?

Back 15

nuclei and cytoplasm

Front 16

The neurolemma permits ___________ of damaged axons or dendrites in the PNS.

Back 16

regeneration

Front 17

A _________ carries the impulse across a _____ and is then destroyed by a ________ ____________.

Back 17

neurotransmitter
synapse

chemical inactivator

Front 18

Name the inactivator for the neurotransmitter actylcholine.

Back 18

cholinesterase

Front 19

_____________- also called Efferent neurons.

Back 19

Motor neurons

Front 20

________________- also called Afferent neurons.

Back 20

Sensory neurons

Front 21

_____________ are neurons found entirely within the CNS.

Back 21

Interneurons

Front 22

__________ are made of both sensory and motor neruons.

Back 22

Mixed nerve

Front 23

__________ - is a group of functionally related neurons within the CNS.

Back 23

Nerve tract

Front 24

_________ carries impulses from receptors to the CNS.

Back 24

Sensory neurons

Front 25

__________ carries impulses from the CNS to effectors.

Back 25

Motor neurons

Front 26

___________ - neuron membrane has a (+) charge outside and a (-) charge inside.

Back 26

Polarization

Front 27

_____________ - entry of Na (sodium) ions and reversal of charges on either side of the membrane.

Back 27

Depolarization

Front 28

When a neuron is not carring an impulse, its cell membrane has a ___ charge outside and a ___ charge inside. The ions that are more abundant inside the cell are ____ ions.

Back 28

positive

negative
Sodium (Na)

Front 29

____________ is brought about by a stimulus, which makes the neuron membrane very permeable to ___ ions, which rush ___ the cell. As a result, the membrane now has a ____ charge outside and a ___ charge inside.

Back 29

Depolarization
sodium (Na)
into
negative
positive

Front 30

Immediatley following depolarization, the neuron membrane becomes very permeable to ____ ions, which rush _____ the cell. This is called ____________.
As a result, the membrane now has a ____ chargfe outside and ____ charge inside. The Na and K ions are returned to their proper sites by the ______ & ____ pumps.

Back 30

potassium (K)
out of
repolarization
positive
negative
sodium and potassium pumps

Front 31

What are the two functions of the spinal cord?

Back 31

transmit impulses to and from the brain.
And integrates the spinal cord reflexes.

Front 32

The spinal cord is protected from mechanical injury by the ______, (bones)extends from the _______ ______ to the disc between the ___ & ___ ____________.

Back 32

vertebrae

foramen magnum
1 & 2nd lumbar vertebrae

Front 33

The cell bodies of motor neurons and interneurons are located in the ___________.

Back 33

gray matter

Front 34

The cell bodies of sensory neurons are located in the _______ ______ __________.

Back 34

dorsal root ganglion

Front 35

The dorsal root may also be called the ________ root because it is made of _____ neurons.

Back 35

sensory

sensory

Front 36

The ventral root may also be called the ____ root because it is made of ______ neurons.

Back 36

motor

motor

Front 37

The ascending and descending tracts of the spinal cord are located in the ____ _____.

Back 37

white matter

Front 38

Ascending tracts may be called ______ tracts because they carry impulses ____ the brain.

Back 38

sensory

toward

Front 39

Descending tracts may also be called _____ tracts because they carry impulses _______ the brain.

Back 39

motor

away from

Front 40

Cerebrospinal fluid is found within the _____ ______.

Back 40

central canal

Front 41

trunk______ cervical pairs to head, ____, shoulder, arm and _________. _____ thoracic pairs to _______. ___ lumbar pairs and ___ sacral pairs to ____, pelvic cavity and ____. ___ very small coccygeal pair.

Back 41

8 neck, diaphragm
12 trunk
5
5 hip , leg
1

Front 42

A reflex is an ____________ response to a ______________.

Back 42

involuntary

stimulus

Front 43

A reflex arc is the _________ nerve impulses _______ during a reflex.

Back 43

pathway

travel

Front 44

proper sequence of a reflex arc; (1) ______ (2) _____ ____ (3)CNS, with one or more synapses (4) ____ ______ (5) effector which responds.

Back 44

(1) receptors
(2)sensory neurons
(4)motor neurons