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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the function/organization of the somatic system? |
Movement of voluntary muscles |
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What is the function/organization of the autonomic system? |
Responsible for movement of internal organs such as heart rate, digestion, pupillary response, etc. |
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What is the function/organization of the sympathetic system? |
Division of autonomic system; stimulates fight-or-flight response |
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What is the function/organization of the parasympathetic system? |
Division of autonomic system; stimulates feed-and-breed, slower response
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NEURONS (you know this) |
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What is the function of the cerebrum? |
Sophisticated integration, memory, speech, emotions, complex behavioural response
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What is the function of the cerebellum? |
Coordination, learning and muscle memory
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What is the function of the pons? |
Controls breathing
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What is the function of the medulla oblongata? |
Controls breathing, circulation, swallowing, digestion
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What is the function of the hypothalamus? |
Homeostatic center, controls pituitary, circadian rhythms
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How does one identify unmyelinated and myelinated neurons? |
Unmyelinated: grey matter Myelinated: white matter |
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What occurs during a reflex arc?
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Signals pass directly from a sensory neuron to an interneuron in the spinal chord to a motor neuron without being integrated by the brain |
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What is the function of the sclera?
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Tough outer coat of eye
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What is the function of the cornea? |
Functions as a window to the iris/pupil, shares protective characteristics with sclera |
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What is the function of the iris? |
Controls light levels inside the eye by contracting or relaxing |
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What is the function of the pupil? |
Hole in center of iris that allows light to pass into eye |
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What is the function of the lens? |
bends to change focal distance |
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If a person is far-sighted, what type of lens will their glasses need? Nearsighted? |
Farsighted: Convex (thicker in middle) Nearsighted: Concave (thinner in middle) |
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What is the function of the choroid? |
Lies between retina and sclera, composed of blood vessels that nourish the eye |
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What is the function of the ciliary muscle? |
Relaxes or tightens to change the shape of the lens Contracts: moves toward center, relaxes lens to be more spherical for short-distance sight Relaxes: moves further from center, pulls lens to be flatter for long-distance sight |
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What is the function of the retina? |
Contains rods and cones for light interpretation |
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What is the function of the fovea centralis? |
Center of vision, where the lens focuses the light |
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What is the function of the optic nerve? |
To bring signals from rods and cones to occipital lobe for interpretation |
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What is the pathway of light through the eye? |
Cornea, aqueous humour, pupil, lens, vitreous humour, rods and cones, optic nerve, occipital lobe |
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What is the function of the pinna? |
Directs soundwaves into auditory canal |
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What is the function of the auditory canal? |
brings sound toward middle ear
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What is the function of the tympanum? |
Causes vibrations in middle ear; separates outer and middle ear
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What is the function of the ossicles and what are their names in order? |
Converts vibrations into solid vibrations; hammer, anvil, stirrup
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What is the function of the cochlea? |
Contains organ of Corti, allows for vibrations to convert to electrical signal
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What is the function of the organ of Corti? |
Contain sensory hair cells that convert vibrations into electrical signal
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What is the function of the auditory nerve? |
Sends nerve signals to temporal lobe for interpretation
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What is the function of the semi circular canals? |
Controls balance |
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What is the function of the Eustachian tube? |
Maintains equal pressure within ear |
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What is the pathway of sound through the ear? |
Pinna, auditory canal, ear drum, stapes, oval window, cochlea, auditory nerve
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What is the function of the occipital lobe? |
Vision |
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What is the function of the temporal lobe? |
Smell, hearing, auditory association
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What is the function of the frontal lobe? |
Speech, emotions, logic, higher-level thinking
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What is the function of the parietal lobe? |
Speech, taste, somatosensory cortex, reading |
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In what are the following endocrine glands placed from top to bottom on a diagram? Hypothalamus, pancreas, thyroid, adrenal glands, parathyroid, pituitary gland |
Hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal glands, pancreas |
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What is the function of TSH? |
Causes thyroid to secrete T3 and T4 to reuglate metabolism |
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What is the function of thyroxine? |
Controls metabolism, heart and digestive function, muscle control, bone maintanance |
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What is the function of calcitonin? |
Lowers calcium levels by stimulating deposition in bones and reducing uptake by kidneys |
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What is the function of parathyroid hormone? |
Raises calcium levels by stimulating release from bones and uptake in kidneys and intestines |
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What is the function of ACTH? |
Stimulates the adrenal cortes to secrete corticosteroids |
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What is the function of cortisol? |
regulates blood sugar levels, responds to stress levels |
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What is the function of insulin? |
Lowers glucose levels |
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What is the function of glucagon? |
Raises glucose levels |
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What is the function of hGH? |
Stimulates mitosis and growth |
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What is the function of ADH? |
Retains water by promoting retention in kidneys |
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What is the function of epinephrine? Norepinephrine? |
Increase heart rate, raises blood pressure, reduces swelling The opposite :) |
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What is the function of aldosterone? |
Causes retention of water and sodium, increasing blood volume |
