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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what occurs at these blood levels? .15, .4, .6?
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.15= loss of speech control, motor control, mental and physical impairment
.4= threshold of coma .6= die of resp failure |
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what is the tx for alcohol intox?
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symptomatic tx.
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how does ethanol produce its effects?
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binds to GABA, NMDA, and alters the fluidity membranes.
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what are the promary effects of ethanol on CNS, GI, CV, liver, and endocine?
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CNS- affects GABA, NMDA, and membrane fluidity
GI- at low doses it stimulates acid secretion but at high doses it stops it CV- dec in BP, vasodialation, and hypothermia liver- increase need for gluconeogenesis endocine- increased need for NAD so may see hypoglycemia |
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describe the metabolism of alcohol
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ethanol-->acetaldehye-->acetic acid
alcohol DH and aldehyde DH |
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what is the drug interaction between ethanol and other CNS depressents?
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they potentiate the effects of ethanol
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what is the drug interaction between ethanol and oral hypoglycemics?
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causes potentiation of the hypoglycemic effects
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what is the drug interaction between ethanol and anticoags?
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leads to dec half life of the anticoags
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what is the drug interaction between ethanol and anticonvulsants
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dec in the half life of the drug
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what is the drug interaction between ethanol and ASA
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increased rate of gastric hemorrage
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what is the drug interaction between ethanol and antimicrobials?
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may see disulfuram like reaction
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what are some of the signs of withdrawal from alcohol?
Tx? |
seizures, inc BP, inc HR,
chordiazeperoxide/diazepam and phytoin for the seizures. |
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what are some of the signs of FAS?
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low IQ, MR, microcephaly, heart defects, facial defects, limb defects, behavior and learning problems
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how does methanol cause poisoning?
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methanol is broken down into formic acid and formaldehyde. this causes metabolic acidosis and blindness.
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what is the MOA of disulfuram and naltrexone?
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disulfuram- blocks aldehyde DH and causes disulfuram like rxn
naltrexone- this is an opioid antagonist and blocks the rewarding effects of alcohol |
