Nero Exam 2 Questions

Front 1

If Gustation and olfaction both detect chemicals from the environment, why do we need both?

Back 1

None of the above
Read the question

Front 2

Information from the temporal retinas does or does not cross over to the opposite side of the brain.

Back 2

does not

Front 3

A single photon of green light would cause the greatest response if it strikes...

Back 3

A rod

Front 4

The pupillary light reflex causes what?

Back 4

Changes in lighting intensity to be perceived as less than what is actually occurring

Front 5

If you tilted the head to the left what would happen?

Back 5

As the head is tilted to the left, the eyes would rotate in their sockets to the right

Front 6

Which refracts light first the cornea or the lens?

Back 6

The cornea refracts light before the light is refracted by the lens

Front 7

The fovea..... list 3 things

Back 7

Does not work in low light conditions.
has ganglion cells w/ very SMALL receptive fields
Is NOT in the center of the optic disc, its off to the side.

Front 8

If a Jasmine wanted to focus on a near object she would have to...

Back 8

contract her ciliary muscles to allow her lens to become round.

Front 9

Do axons of ganglion cells pass through the optic disc?

Back 9

Yes! Its True

Front 10

Potoreceptors are the only cells that can respond to light that can be consciously perceived. T or F

Back 10

True

Front 11

Ganglion cells are the only cells that can carry?

Back 11

Visual information out of the eye
True

Front 12

Rods are more sensitive to light than are cones. T or F

Back 12

True

Front 13

In the dark, ON-bipolar cells are inhibited by photoreceptors T or F

Back 13

True

Front 14

A simple cell which responds most to a vertical bar of light...

Back 14

does not respond as well to a horizontal bar of light because of less spatial summation.

Front 15

Are there more than 4 basic tastes?

Back 15

yes

Front 16

T or F?
Taste receptor cells don't have axons.
Taste receptor cells release neurotransmitter when excited.
Taste receptor cells respond to more than one basic taste.

Back 16

True

True


True

Front 17

Olfactory receptor cells have dendrites in the nasal cavity and axon terminals in the brain cavity. T or F

Back 17

True

Front 18

Odorants must diffuse through a mucus layer before being detected. T or F

Back 18

True

Front 19

cGMP is broken down in the transduction pathway for olfaction? T or F

Back 19

False, ATP is changed to cAMP

Front 20

Umami taste is the perception of glutamate in the saliva. T or F

Back 20

True

Front 21

Olfactory receptor cells are derived from basal cells? T or F

Back 21

True

Front 22

It is possible for a primary gustatory afferent neuron to respond to more than one basic taste. T or F

Back 22

True, the gustatory afferent neuron is responding to all the glutamate that is being made my the taste receptor cells, wether it is salty or sweet.

Front 23

Where is the Fovea located?

Back 23

its a dimple just beside the optical nerve

Front 24

The Vagus nerve carries taste information from the back of the throat. T or F

Back 24

True

Front 25

True or False? The periphery of your visual field is more sensitive to light than is the center of your vision.

Back 25

False

Front 26

True or False? Ganglion cells are closer to incoming light than are bipolar cells of the retina.

Back 26

True

Front 27

The ganglion cell that responds to light in the center is a?

Back 27

On center recepterfield cell

Front 28

The ganglion cell that responds to dark in the center is a?

Back 28

Off Center recepterfield cell.

Front 29

All taste information must pass through the Gustatory Nucleus before it can be perceived. T or F

Back 29

True

Front 30

T or F?
The glossopharyngel nerve carries taste information from the front 1/3 of the tongue?
The facial nerve carries taste information from the middle 1/3 of the tongue?
The vagus nerve carries taste info from the back 1/3 of the tongue?

Back 30

F from the back
F 2/3 from the front
F from the throat

Front 31

T or F?
Taste buds are hollow cavities that contain taste receptor cells.

Back 31

True

Front 32

A single odorant receptor cannot bind to all types of odorant molecules. T or F?

Back 32

True

Front 33

Olfactory receptor cells do not produce mucus. T or F?

Back 33

True

Front 34

T or F?
To smell an object it is not necessary for a molecule from that object to be in contact with you.

Back 34

False, it needs to touch olfactory receptors cells

Front 35

T or F? A molecule detected through gustation will always be detected through olfaction as well.

Back 35

False

Front 36

While olfaction make use of population coding, gustation does not. T or F?

Back 36

False, it does as well

Front 37

Umami taste is sensing of?

Back 37

Glutamate

Front 38

The cornea bends light to help focus an image on the retina. T or F?

Back 38

True

Front 39

T or F?
Cerebral spinal fluid normally flows between the pia and arachnoid mater.

Back 39

True

Front 40

T or F?
A subdural hematoma is when blood accumulates between the dura mater and the skull.

Back 40

False it is between the dura and the arachnoid.

Front 41

T or F?
A rod can respond to more colors of visible light than can a green cone.

Back 41

True, were talking about visible light, rods detect all light, cones detect spacific light.

Front 42

T or F?
In the light, photoreceptors are hyperpolarized, and OFF-bipolar cells are depolarized.

Back 42

False

Front 43

What would happen if a person's photoreceptors could not produce any cGMP?

Back 43

They could not detect any darkness because everything would appear light.

Front 44

A person born with no blue or red cones....

Back 44

Would detect a limited range of colors.

Front 45

Bitter 2 is the only taste transduction pathway that does not use Ca2+ channels. T or F

Back 45

True, it uses vessicles in the cell

Front 46

Visual stimuli is sent to which part of the brain through the hypothalymus?

Back 46

The Occipital lobe, located at the back of the brain

Front 47

What is the part of the brain that deals with vital autonomic functions?

Back 47

Pons located just below the brain and just above the spinal cord

Front 48

Motor functions are sent from what part of the brain?

Back 48

Frontal lobe

Front 49

Auditory information is received by what part of the brain?

Back 49

The Temporal Lobe

Front 50

Sensory information will enter the dorsal part of the spinal cord. T or F?

Back 50

True

Front 51

Afferent (info into) neurons have their cell bodies just outside the spinal cord. T or F?

Back 51

True

Front 52

Blood accumulating between the dura and the arachnoid mater is a?

Back 52

Subdural hematoma

Front 53

If voltage gated Ca2+ channels in taste cells were all destroyed you would?

Back 53

lose all but some bitter taste sensation.

Front 54

Olfactory receptors are true neurons with axons extending through the bottom of the skull. T or F?

Back 54

True

Front 55

Are olfactory receptor cells replaced and if so how often and by what?

Back 55

Yes they are replaced every 4 to 8 weeks and basal cells are made into these cells.

Front 56

What do olfactory support cells do?

Back 56

secret mucus which is replaced every 10 min.

Front 57

The optic disc is the only way for visual information to leave the eye. T or F?

Back 57

True, the optic disk is the "black hole" your vision fills in since there is no rods or cones in this area for vision.

Front 58

Does the fovea have cones or rods?

Back 58

Cones

Front 59

Where is the fovea located?

Back 59

a small dimple in the center of the retina.

Front 60

The fovea has bipolar and ganglion cells pushed out of the way to create a clearer path for light. T or F

Back 60

True, they are slanted

Front 61

A person with an elongated eyeball would...

Back 61

be far sighted and would see things easier that were far away.

Front 62

In the light, photoreceptors ______ and ON center bipolar cells are _________.

Back 62

hyperpolerized, depolarized

Front 63

Typically light must first pass through ganglion and bipolar cells before hitting photoreceptors. T or F

Back 63

False, light will hit them first but they don't function until the photoreceptors send them information.

Front 64

If a person has a stroke which destroys their thalamus which sense would be left most intact?

Back 64

Touch because vision, smell, and taste all come from the thalamus.