Neoplasia

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laminin

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a glycoprotein that is a component of connective tissue basement membrane and that promotes cell adhesion

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leukemia

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an acute or chronic disease of unknown cause in humans and other warm-blooded animals that involves the blood-forming organs, is characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of white blood cells in the tissues of the body with or without a corresponding increase of those in the circulating blood, and is classified according to the type of white blood cell most prominently involved

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lymphoma

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a usually malignant tumor of lymphoid tissue

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malignant

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tending to infiltrate, metastasize, and terminate fatally

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metastasis

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Transmission of pathogenic microorganisms or cancerous cells from an original site to one or more sites elsewhere in the body, usually by way of the blood vessels or lymphatics; A secondary cancerous growth formed by transmission of cancerous cells from a primary growth located elsewhere in the body.

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mitoses/mitotic figure

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The microscopic appearance of a cell undergoing mitosis; the condensed chromosomes by which a cell that is undergoing mitosis can be identified

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mutagen

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An agent, such as ultraviolet light or a radioactive element, that can induce or increase the frequency of mutation in an organism.

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neoplasia

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1: the process of tumor formation
2 : a tumorous condition of the body

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oncogene

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A gene that causes the transformation of normal cells into cancerous tumor cells, especially a viral gene that transforms a host cell into a tumor cell.

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oncogenesis

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The formation and development of tumors

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palliative

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Relieving or soothing the symptoms of a disease or disorder without effecting a cure.

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paraneoplastic

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caused by or resulting from the presence of cancer in the body but not the physical presence of cancerous tissue in the part or organ affected

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progeny

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One born of, begotten by, or derived from another; an offspring or a descendant.

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progression

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the act of progressing; forward or onward movement; a consequence, result, or subsequent development (as of a disease)

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promoter/promotion

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a chemical believed to promote carcinogenicity or mutagenicity

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proto-oncogene

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gene having the potential forchange into an active oncogene proto–oncogene by insertion of a viral gene nearby

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risk factor

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A characteristic, condition, or behavior, such as high blood pressure or smoking, that increases the possibility of disease or injury.

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sarcoma

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a malignant neoplasm arising in tissue of mesodermal origin (as connective tissue, bone, cartilage, or striated muscle) that spreads by extension into neighboring tissue or by way of the bloodstream

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staging

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the classification of the severity of a disease in distinct stages on the basis of established symptomatic criteria

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Adenoma

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is a benign tumor (-oma) of glandular origin. Adenomas can grow from many organs. Although these growths are benign, over time they may progress to become malignant

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Anaplasia(anaplastic)

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Grade IV: Very poorly to undifferentiated. Tumor has no resemblance to tissue of origin. Great variation in size and shape of tumor cells

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Angiogenesis

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A physiological process involving the growth of new blood vessels from pre-existing vessels. Secrete angiogenic factors.

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Anti-oncogene

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Tumor suppressor genes- normally present and suppress cell abnormal cell growth; absence of these genes allow abnormal cell growth; recessive gene.

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Apoptosis

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Is the process of programmed cell death (PCD) that may occur in multicellular organisms.

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Basement membrane

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A thin sheet of fibers that underlies the epithelium, which lines the cavities and surfaces of organs, or the endothelium, which lines the interior surface of blood vessels.

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Benign

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A mild and nonprogressive disease . A benign tumor does not grow in an unlimited, aggressive manner, does not invade surrounding tissues, and does not metastasize

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Cachexia

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A loss of weight, muscle atrophy, fatigue, weakness and significant loss of appetite in someone who is not actively trying to lose weight. End stage of cancer= sunken in face.

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Carcinogen

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Any substance or radiation that is an agent directly involved in the exacerbation of cancer or in the increase of its propagation (eg: smoking, sun, anything that causes cancer).

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Carcinogenesis

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Is the creation of cancer. Is the process by which normal cells are transformed into cancer cells

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Carcinoma

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Any cancer that arises from epithelial cells. Carcinomas invade surrounding tissues and organs and may metastasize, or spread, to lymph nodes and other sites.

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Collagen

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A group of naturally occurring proteins. Main protein of connective tussue. Scar tissue.

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Collagenase

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It digest collagen, breaks it up with enzymes .

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Cytology

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The study of cells

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Differentiation

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refers to how different the tumor cells are from the cells from which they originated

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Doubling time

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Is the period of time required for a quantity to double in size or value. It is applied to population growth, inflation, resource extraction, consumption of goods, compound interest, the volume of malignant tumours, and many other things which tend to grow over time.

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Dysplasia

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an abnormality in maturation of cells within a tissue. Always abnormal young cells that rapidly divide. Large nucleus, abnormal shape and size, and randomly grow over each other. Usually develop into cancer.

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Fibronectin

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Grading

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A measure of the progress of tumors and other neoplasms. Grade I-IV.