1 - Neolithic Revolution & Early Civilizations

Front 1

Paleolithic Era

Back 1

time when people were nomadic and constantly hunting and gathering

Front 2

Nomads

Back 2

People who moved from place to place throughout the year to gather food and hunt animals

Front 3

Neolithic Revolution

Back 3

time when people created permanent settlements and agriculture developled

Front 4

Domestication

Back 4

to tame a wild animal (or plant) to live in close association with human beings

Front 5

Civilization

Back 5

A society that has a complex political structure, social hierarchy, advanced technology and existence of culture

Front 6

Mesopotamia

Back 6

Tigris & Euphrates rivers, the Fertile Crescent, modern day Iraq

Front 7

Irrigation

Back 7

to supply water through artificial means to aid in agriculture

Front 8

Ziggurats

Back 8

religious temples designed to bring people closer to the heavens in Mesopotamia

Front 9

Cuneiform

Back 9

first systems of writing, developed by the Sumerians in Mesopotamia

Front 10

Hammurabi's Code

Back 10

code of law based on “an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth”, developed in Mesopotamia

Front 11

Divine Right

Back 11

the belief that a ruler gets his/her power from God

Front 12

Nile River

Back 12

river in Egypt, essential to the establishment of Ancient Egyptian civilization

Front 13

Hieroglyphics

Back 13

Egyptian writing system that combined pictures and cursive script

Front 14

Indus River & Ganges River

Back 14

rivers in India, essential to the establishment of ancient Indian civilization

Front 15

Huang He/Yellow River

Back 15

river in China, essential to the establishment of ancient Chinese civilization

Front 16

Oracle Bones

Back 16

bones that were written on that contained questions about and predictions of the future during the Shang Dynasty in China

Front 17

Mandate of Heaven

Back 17

belief that the power to rule in China was granted from the Gods

Front 18

Dynastic Cycle

Back 18

The way in which dynasties rise and fall in ancient China

Front 19

Shang & Zhou Dynasties

Back 19

the first dynasties in Ancient China

Front 20

Monsoons

Back 20

seasonal winds that bring rainfall to India

Front 21

Himalayan Mountains

Back 21

natural barrier in India that separated India from China

Front 22

Archipelago

Back 22

a chain of islands, Japan is an example

Front 23

Peninsula

Back 23

landmass that is surrounded by water on 3 sides, Italy is an example

Front 24

Archaeologist

Back 24

studies artifacts and human remains at excavation sites

Front 25

Economist

Back 25

studies money including factors of production, scarcity of goods and resources

Front 26

Physical/Topographic Map

Back 26

a map that shows physical features, mountains, rivers, etc

Front 27

Political Map

Back 27

a map that shows cities, capitals, states, regions

Front 28

Primary Source

Back 28

diary, autobiography, eyewitness account

Front 29

Secondary Source

Back 29

textbook, novel, encyclopedia

Front 30

Subsistence Farming

Back 30

farming just enough crops for you and your family's survival

Front 31

Plains

Back 31

large open flat land

Front 32

Political Scientists

Back 32

someone who studies elections and politics