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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the key characteristic that distinguishes N. gono + N. mening?
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N. mening has a capsule while N. gono doesn't have a capsule.
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Is N. mening always pathological or can it be pathological? What about N. gono?
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N. mening can be commensal in the nasopharynx.
N. gono is ALWAYS pathological |
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If you were looking under a microscope at N. mening, what would you see?
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Has a capsule, unlike N. gono
Gram (-) diplococci Oxidase positive Ferments glucose and maltose Aerobic NON-MOTILE |
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Where does N. mening typically reside?
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Usually seen within PMN's
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How can the presence of the capsule on N. mening be a virulence factor?
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-prevents phagocytoxis
-prevents dissecation |
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What is different about the structure of the outer membrane of N. mening?
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Has LOS, NOT LPS (which leads to tissue damage and shock).
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What is the difference between Opa proteins and the pilli on N. mening?
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Pilli: responsible for the initial attachment of the pilli to their host.
Opa proteins: allow for tight adhesion + invasion of the mening. |
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What is especially virulent about Porin B?
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It can translocate into the host membrane and cause changes in Ca influx and apoptosis.
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What is the function of fH binding protein? IgA protease?
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Binds to factor H and causes resistance to the complement system.
Cleaves IgA: allows to evade the hosts immune function |
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N. meningitidis is the only cause of epidemic ___________. Which age groups are particularly vulnerable to N. mening?
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Meningococcus
Children + young adults |
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What types of facilities would be areas that have cases of N. mening?
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Daycare facilities and college dormatories
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When you are a carrier, you can progress to a _______ infection or a ________ infection.
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Carrier: N. Meningitidis is usually transiently and intermittent in the nasopharynx.
From a carrier you can progress to a local infection: pharyngitis, pneumonia, or urethritis OR systemic infections: Acute purelent meningitis or fulminant meningococcemia |
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What occurs in acute purulent meningitis? What would their CSF look like?
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Fever, headache, malaise, stiff neck
CSF cloudy with the presence of PMN's |
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What is meningococcemia?
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Characterized by the sudden onset, rapid course, fever, coma, DIC --> worse prognosis that acute purulent meningitis
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What is Waterhouse-Friedman syndrome?
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Where there is bilateral distruction of the adrenal glands & adrenal insuffienciency.
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Why would someone have recurrent mening infections?
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A complement insufficiency in the MAC attack (C5-C9) or the early components (i.e. C1).
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What are typical sequelae after developing a mening infection?
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Arthritis due to immune complexes in the joints
Neurological: deafness, retardation, paralysis blindness. |
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What is the likely cause of someone having recurrent mening infections?
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Complement deficiency
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How do you determine the serotypes of N. mening?
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The capsular polysaccharide proteins
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What is used as N. mening prophylaxis?
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rifampin
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What can you use to CONFIRM a case of N. Mening?
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Cultivation of N. mening from a normally sterile site such as blood or CSF.
Non-selective media: Choc agar with lysed RBC's for Fe Selective: Thayer Martin agar |
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What is the treatment for N. mening?
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Penicillin G
Dexamethazone: for the sequelae of neurological symptoms |
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What types of facilities should be targeted for possible infection?
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Those with people in close quarters.
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Which mening vaccine is useful for children? What do these vaccines target?
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Conjugated ones: they need sugar + protein derived proteins.
-vaccines target the serogroups of the polysaccharide capsule. |
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Infections of which serogroups are most common?
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Serogroup B
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