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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Baker v. Carr (1962) |
one man one vote; ordered state legislative districts to be as near as equal as possible in population |
legislation |
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Barron v. Baltimore (1883) |
the Bill of Rights could not be applied to state governments |
incorporation of Bill of Rights cannot be applied to States |
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Bob Jones University v. U.S. (1983) |
the university wanted tax exemption, but the federal government took it away because the university banned interracial relationships |
tax exemptions and interracial relationships |
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Brandenburg v. Ohio (1969) |
speech could be limited if it presented a clear and immediate danger - if it incited immediate violence |
freedom of speech |
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Brown v. Board of Education (Topeka, Kansas) (1954) |
separate but equal facilities are unconstitutional; overturned Plessy v. Ferguson ruling |
separate but equal? |
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Engle v. Vitale (1962) |
prohibited state sponsored prayer in school |
freedom of religion |
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Escobedo v. Illinois (1964) |
criminal suspects have the right to counsel |
criminal's right to counsel |
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Garcia v. San Antonio MTA (1985) |
Garcia wanted overtime pay, but the MTA said they were immune from the Fair Labor Standards Act; Supreme Court rules in favor of Garcia |
Fair Labor Standards Act |
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Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) |
Congress has the sole power to control interstate commerce - no legislation could interfere |
enumerated/delegated powers of Congress interstate commerce |
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Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) |
criminal suspects have the right to have a lawyer even if they cannot afford one |
criminal's right to lawyer |
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Gitlow v. New York (1925) |
states cannot restrict freedom of speech... even if an anarchist is advocating the overthrow of the government |
freedom of speech |
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Griswold v. Connecticut (1965) |
Supreme Court struck down a CT law banning the use of contraceptives (birth control); upheld the protection of privacy in the Bill of Rights |
birth control |
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Heart of Atlanta Motel v. U.S. (1964) |
withheld the Supreme Court decision to ban racial discrimination; having to do with the Civil Rights Act |
Civil Rights Act |
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Johnson v. Zerbst (1938) |
upheld that accused criminals have the right to counsel and representation in the court of law (Johnson represented himself and lost) |
criminal's rights to counsel and representation |
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Lau v. Nichols (1974) |
San Francisco schools did not give an equal education to a Chinese student with limited English; SC ruled that students must be treated equally despite their proficiency |
student equality |
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Lemon v. Kurtzman (1971) |
stopped funding for religious private schools and developed the Lemon test: is it secular? does it neither advance nor prohibit religion? does it foster excessive entanglement? |
separation of church and state |
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Marbury v. Madison (1803) |
established judicial review |
judicial review |
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McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) |
established the supremacy clause |
supremacy clause |
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National League of Cities v. Usery (1976) |
Congress cannot interfere with the States' power to control intrastate commerce |
intrastate commerce |
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Milliken v. Bradley (1974) |
upheld Brown v. Board of Ed decision in Michigan schools |
extension of Brown v. Board of Ed |
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Miranda v. Arizona (1966) |
Miranda was arrested and convicted after confessing in an intense interrogation - he did not know his rights; created the Miranda Rights, which must be recited upon arrest |
Miranda Rights |
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Miller v. California (1973) |
established the community standards for determining if anything is sexually obscene, offensive, or lacking in value |
obscenity |
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NAACP v. Patterson (1958) |
SC ruled that the NAACP did not have to submit the names of their members, who would otherwise be subject to harassment; upheld Constitutional right to assembly |
freedom of assembly |
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Near v. Minnesota (1931) |
SC ruled that the First Amendment protects newspapers from prior restraint, the prevention of censored material from being heard or distributed at all |
prior restraint |
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NY Times v. Sullivan (1964) |
established the guidelines for libel and slander |
libel and slander |
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NY Times v. U.S. (1971) |
SC ruled that executive efforts against publication of the Pentagon Papers was unconstitutional and prevented the freedom of the press |
Pentagon Papers - freedom of press |
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Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) |
separate but equal is constitutional; eventually debunked by Brown v. Board of Ed |
separate but equal? |
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Roe v. Wade (1973) |
SC decriminalized abortion and upheld the right to privacy |
abortion |
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Roth v. U.S. (1957) |
obscenity is not protected by freedom of speech or press |
obscenity |
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San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez (1972) |
SC ruled that the use of property taxes for education was not unconstitutional |
taxes for education |
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Schenk v. U.S. (1919) |
speech that presents a clear and present danger to the public or government is not protected by the Constitution |
freedom of speech |
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Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education (1971) |
allowed busing and the redrawing of district lines as a way for integrating public schools |
redistricting for schools |
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Tinker v. Des Moines Community (1969) |
wearing armbands for protest is symbolic speech and is Constitutionally protected |
freedom of speech - symbolic speech |
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Wesberry v. Sanders (1964) |
an extension of Baker v. Carr's decision, ordered that House districts be as close in population as possible - one man one vote |
extension of Baker v. Carr for House districts |
