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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the scrotum?
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loose protective sac, continuation of ab wall
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What is the penis composed of?
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3 cylindrical columns of erectile tissue: 2 corpora cavernosa on dorsal side & corpus spongiosum ventral
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what is the epididymis?
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coiled comma shaped structure, main storage of sperm.
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Where do the lymphs of the penis and scrotum drain?
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into the inguinal lymph nodes, whereas those of the testes drain into abdomen
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When does puberty start?
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9.5-13.5.
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Aging effects on males?
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test production declines gradually after 55 y/o => slower & less intense sexual response.
Rapid detumescence. decrease pubic hair, scrotal contents hang lower, rugae decrease, scrotum looks more pendulous, testes size decrease & less firm, increased CT in tubules (less sperm), |
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Spermatic Cord
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ascends poster border of testis, runs through inguinal canal into abdomen
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Stage 1 of Male development
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Pubic Hair - none.
Penis - same as childhood Scrotum - same |
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Stage 2 Male development
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Pubic Hair - few straight darker hairs at base. long and downy
Penis - little to no enlargement Scrotum - testes & scrotum begin to enlarge. scrotal skin reddens and changes in texture |
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Stage 3 Male development
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Penis - sparse growth over entire pubis, darker, coarser, and curly
Penis - begins to enlarge scrotum - further enlarged |
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Stage 4 Male development
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Pubic Hair - thick growth but not on thighs, hair coarse and curly as in adult
Penis - lengthens & widens Scrotum - testes almost fully grown, scrotum darker |
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Stage 5 male development
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Pubic hair -- over medial thighs, not yet up toward umbilicus. after puberty, pubic hair growth continues until mid 20's, extending up abdomen toward umbilicus
Penis - adult size & shape Scrotum - adult size & shape |
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Normal findings when Inspecting scrotum
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scrotal size varies with room temp, assymetry is normal, with left scrotal half usually lower than the right.
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Normal findings when palpating scrotum
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Testes normally feel oval, firm and rubbery, smooth, equal bilaterally and freely movable and slightly tender to moderate pressure.
epididymis feels discrete, softer than tests, smooth, and nontender. Spermatic cord -- smooth |
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What is transillumination?
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For swelling or mass felt during palpation. Done by darkening room and shining strong flashlight from behind scrotal contents. NOrmal scrotal contents do not transilluminate.
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What happens to the scrotum when it is cold?
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cremaster muscle contracts, raising the sac and bringing testes closer to body to absorb heat for sperm viability. thus, scrotal skin looks corrugated.
when warm, muscle relaxes, scrotum lowers, skin smoother |
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How to inspect for hernia?
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Inspect inguinal region when PT stands and strains down.
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How to palpate for hernia?
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PT shifts weight onto left to palpate right side. Place R index finger low on right scrotal half. Palpate up the length of the spermatic cord, invaginating scrotal skin as you go, to external inguinal ring. Normally feel no change when PT "bears down."
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what is the cremaster muscle?
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controls scrotum size by responding to temperature.Keeps tests at 3C below ab temp, best temp for producing sperm
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What is the common age group for testicular cancer?
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15-40.
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What are the risk factors for testicular cancer?
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Males with undescended testicles, white males (4X more likely than nonwhites).
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What are the points to include during health teaching?
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T = timing, once a month
S = shower, warm water relaxes scrotal sac E = examine, check for changes, report changes immediately |
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What are normal findings on infants and toddlers?
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-Migratory testes cuz of strength of cremasteric refrlex & smallmass of prepubertal testes.
-Hydrocele (fluid in scrotum) |
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What is the vs deferens?
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muscular duct continuation of the epididymis.approximates other vessels to form the spermatic cord.
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what is the corona?
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the shoulder where the glans joins the shaft
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what is the foreskin or prepuce?
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skin folds in and back on the glans that forms a hood. often surgically removed by circumcision after birth
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what is the ejaculatory duct?
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the joining of the vas deferens and seminal vesicle. empties into urethra.
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