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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is important to know for convalescent stage of pertussis?
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- Do NOT need to maintain respiratory precautions because it is contagious in the catarrhal stages
- Encourage adequate fluid intake - Coughing spells may be triggered by dust or smoke - Good hand washing needs to be instituted to prevent spread |
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Sign of ineffective response from the medication glipizide (Glucotrol)
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Oral hypoglycemic agent administered to decrease the serum glucose level
A glycosylated hemoglobin of 12% (indicated poor glycemic control) |
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Normal glycosylated hemoglobin level
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less than 7%
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Patient given NPH insulin should be checked how many hours after administration for hypoglycemia?
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Intermediate acting insulin
ONSET : 1 - 2.5 Hours PEAK : 4 - 12 Hours DURATION : 24 Hours |
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When is hypoglycemia most likely to occur in a patient given insulin?
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During the peak time
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What is the diagnostic test for acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)?
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Bone Marrow Biopsy
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How are WBC effected in patient with leukemia?
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Can be high or low
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What do blast cells found in spinal fluid indicate?
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Central Nervous System disease
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Plan of care for a child admitted to the unit for a craniotomy to remove a brain tumor?
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Initiate seizure precautions for any child with a brain tumor pre- and post- operatively
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How much suction should be used on an adult?
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80 - 120 mm Hg
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What is Calcium used for?
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to process bone formation, coagulation of blood, excitation of cardiac and skeletal muscles, maintenance of muscle tone, conduction of neuromuscular impulses, and synthesis and regulation of the endocrine and exocrine glands
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Normal Calcium level
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8.6 to 10 mg/dL
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What is magnesium? What is it used for?
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Concentrated in the bone, cartilage, and within the cell itself. Required for the use of ATP as a source of energy. Needed for carbohydrate metabolism, protein synthesis, nucleic acid synthesis, and the contraction of muscular tissue. Also regulates neuromuscular activity and the clotting mechanism
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Normal magnesium level
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1.6 to 2.6 mg/dL
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What is potassium and what is it used for?
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Principal electrolyte of intracellular fluid and primary buffer. Needed for nerve conduction, muscle function, acid-base balance, and osmotic pressure. In addition to Ca and Mg, it controls the rate and force of contraction of the heart therefore cardiac output
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Normal potassium levels
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3.5 to 5.1 mEq/L
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Phosphorus: what it is and does?
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needed for the generation of bony tissues. Functions in the metabolism of glucose and lipids, in the maintenance of acid-base balance, and in the storage and transfer of energy from one site to another
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How are phosphorus levels evaluated?
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In relation to Calcium levels because of their inverse relationship.
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Normal Phosphorus levels
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2.7 to 4.5 mg/dL
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Sodium: what it is used for
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maintains osmotic pressure and acid-base balance. Helps transmit nerve impulses
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Normal Sodium Level
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135 to 145 mEq/L
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Common foods with potassium
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Avocados, bananas, cantaloupes, carrots, fish, mushrooms, oranges, potatoes, pork, beef, and veal, raisins, spinach, strawberries, tomatoes
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What to keep in mind with Potassium supplements?
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Check renal function before, oral potassium has an unpleasant taste and should be taken with juice, can cause GI upset so avoid taking on empty stomach
NEVER GIVEN IV PUSH |
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Common food sources of Sodium
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bacon, butter, canned foods, cheese, hot dogs, ketchup, lunch meats, milk, mustard, processed foods, snack foods, soy sauce, table salt, white and whole-wheat bread
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Relationship of Lithium and Low Sodium
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if the client is taking lithium, monitor the lithium level, because hyponatremia can cause diminished lithium excretion that can result in toxicity
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Sign for hypocalcemia
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presence of Chvostek's and Trouseau's sign
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Common food source of calcium
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Cheese, collard greens, milk and soy milk, rhubarb, sardines, spinach, tofu, yogurt
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Common food sources for Magnesium
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avocados, canned white tuna, cauliflower, oatmeal, green leafy vegetables, yogurt, milk, peanut butter, peas, pork, beef and chicken, potatoes, raisins
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Common food sources of Phosphorus
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fish, organ meats, nuts, pork, beef, chicken, whole-grain breads or cereals
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Antidote for magnesium overdose
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Calcium gluconate
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