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48 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Nageles rule
1st day of menstrual period, subtract 3 months, then add 7 days.
McDonald's Method
uses fundal height to estimate gestational age. Distance from symphysis pubis to top of uterine
fundus.

distance in CM X 8/7=ttl wks
Quikening
feeling of fetal movement by mother, usually occurs between 16 and 18 weeks.
FHR
can be detected as early as 8 weeks, more commonly heard between 10 and 12.
Gravida
# of times a woman has been pregnant
Para
# of infants delivered after 20 weeks gestation born dead or alive. Multiple births count as one delivery
TPAL
T-# Term infants born after 37 weeks
P-# PreTerm infants born between 20-37 weeks.
A-Abortion prior to 20 weeks
L-# of living children
Presumptive signs of pregnancy
amenorrhea, n/v, fatigue, urinary frequency, breast changes, quickening
Probable signs of pregnancy
Hegar's sign, McDonald's sign, enlargement of abd, abd striae, balottement, pigmentation changes. positive preg test, palpatation of fetal outline
Positive signs of pregnancy
fetal heartbeat, fetal mov't palpable by the examiner, visualization of the fetus by ultrasound
Normal range of fetal HR
120-160 bpm
Normal lab test for prenatal visit
HCT, HGB, blood type, Rh and irregular antibody, rubella titer, tuberculin skin test, renal fxn tests, UA/culture, PAP, STI's, HIV
Prenancy Labs-RBC
NML=4.2-5.4 million/mm3
PRG=5.0-6.25
Pregnancy labs-HGB
NML=12-16 grams/dL
PRG=>11
Pregnancy Labs-HCT
NML=37-47%
PRG=>33%
Pregnancy Labs-Mean corpulscular vlm
NML=80-95/cubic micrometer
PRG=same
Pregnancy Labs-Mean corpuscular Hemoglobin
NML=27-31/picogram
PRG=same
Pregnancy Labs-Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration
NML=32-36 grams/dL packed RBC's
PRG=same
Pregnancy Labs-Polymorphonuclear cells
NML=55-70% of WBCs
PRG=60-85% of WBCs
Pregancy Labs-Lymphocytes
NML=20-40% of WBCs
PRG=15-40% of WBCs
Pregnancy Labs-Platelet Count
NML=150,000-400,000/mm3
PRG=same until 3-5 days after delivery
Cause of U/A Oh increase
poor glucose metabolism and ketone acids in urine
Blood glucose is raised/lowed to what level in pregnancy?
raised to 160 mg/dL
Increased protien levels in pregnancy may be a sign of what?
preg-induced hypertension or preeclampsia
Casts are a sign of what?
associated with proteinuria and stasis in renal tubules
TORCH
Toxoplasmosis
Other Infections
Rubella
Cytomegalovirus
Herpes Simplex
GBS Culture
perfomed at 36-37 weeks, normal flora,
Freq of follow up visits
Q 4 weeks during first 28 weeks
Q 2 until 36 weeks
Weekly until delivered
Clean catch urine samples at taken how often?
Every visit
Meternal HGB is measured how often?
Monthly
Alpha fetoprotein should be measured when?
Between 16-18 weeks, checks for neural tube defects
Maternal blood glucose is measured when?
24-28 weeks to check for gestational diabetes
Increased alpha fetoprotein is may be a sign of what?
neural tube defects, body wall defects, threatened abortion, fetal distress or death
Decreased AFP may be a sign of what?
fetal wastage or down syndrome (tristomy 21)
Goodell's Sign
softening of cervix
Chadwick's sign
bluish color of cervix during pregnancy
Cardiac output increases/decreases to what degree during preganacy?
increases 30-40%, increase of 10-15 BPM
BP increases/decreased during pregnancy
decreases during 1/2 trimeter due to drecrease in peripheral vascular resistance. May increase in 3rd due to compression of pelvic and femoral vessles, IVC
Blood volume inncreases to what level during pregnancy?
45%
RBC's increase to what amount during pregnancy?
18-30%, dependant upon iron supplimentation
Plasma increases to what amount during pregnancy?
50%, , results in physiologic anemia and 7% decrease in hematocrit
Volume of air breathed increases/decreases to what amount?
30-40%, intrathoracic volume remains unchanged
Chloasma
mask of pregnancy
Linea nigra
darkly pigmented line extending from umbillicus to pubic area
Striae gravidarum
stretch marks
Approximate weight gain for a woman with normal pre-pregnant weight
25-35 pounds
Clients with a vegetarian diet need to supplimiment which specific vitamin?
B-12
Pica
a conditon of eating items that have no nutritional value, including clay, dirt, and ice