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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Nageles rule
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1st day of menstrual period, subtract 3 months, then add 7 days.
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McDonald's Method
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uses fundal height to estimate gestational age. Distance from symphysis pubis to top of uterine
fundus. distance in CM X 8/7=ttl wks |
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Quikening
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feeling of fetal movement by mother, usually occurs between 16 and 18 weeks.
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FHR
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can be detected as early as 8 weeks, more commonly heard between 10 and 12.
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Gravida
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# of times a woman has been pregnant
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Para
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# of infants delivered after 20 weeks gestation born dead or alive. Multiple births count as one delivery
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TPAL
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T-# Term infants born after 37 weeks
P-# PreTerm infants born between 20-37 weeks. A-Abortion prior to 20 weeks L-# of living children |
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Presumptive signs of pregnancy
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amenorrhea, n/v, fatigue, urinary frequency, breast changes, quickening
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Probable signs of pregnancy
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Hegar's sign, McDonald's sign, enlargement of abd, abd striae, balottement, pigmentation changes. positive preg test, palpatation of fetal outline
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Positive signs of pregnancy
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fetal heartbeat, fetal mov't palpable by the examiner, visualization of the fetus by ultrasound
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Normal range of fetal HR
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120-160 bpm
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Normal lab test for prenatal visit
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HCT, HGB, blood type, Rh and irregular antibody, rubella titer, tuberculin skin test, renal fxn tests, UA/culture, PAP, STI's, HIV
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Prenancy Labs-RBC
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NML=4.2-5.4 million/mm3
PRG=5.0-6.25 |
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Pregnancy labs-HGB
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NML=12-16 grams/dL
PRG=>11 |
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Pregnancy Labs-HCT
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NML=37-47%
PRG=>33% |
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Pregnancy Labs-Mean corpulscular vlm
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NML=80-95/cubic micrometer
PRG=same |
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Pregnancy Labs-Mean corpuscular Hemoglobin
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NML=27-31/picogram
PRG=same |
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Pregnancy Labs-Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration
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NML=32-36 grams/dL packed RBC's
PRG=same |
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Pregnancy Labs-Polymorphonuclear cells
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NML=55-70% of WBCs
PRG=60-85% of WBCs |
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Pregancy Labs-Lymphocytes
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NML=20-40% of WBCs
PRG=15-40% of WBCs |
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Pregnancy Labs-Platelet Count
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NML=150,000-400,000/mm3
PRG=same until 3-5 days after delivery |
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Cause of U/A Oh increase
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poor glucose metabolism and ketone acids in urine
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Blood glucose is raised/lowed to what level in pregnancy?
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raised to 160 mg/dL
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Increased protien levels in pregnancy may be a sign of what?
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preg-induced hypertension or preeclampsia
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Casts are a sign of what?
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associated with proteinuria and stasis in renal tubules
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TORCH
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Toxoplasmosis
Other Infections Rubella Cytomegalovirus Herpes Simplex |
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GBS Culture
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perfomed at 36-37 weeks, normal flora,
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Freq of follow up visits
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Q 4 weeks during first 28 weeks
Q 2 until 36 weeks Weekly until delivered |
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Clean catch urine samples at taken how often?
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Every visit
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Meternal HGB is measured how often?
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Monthly
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Alpha fetoprotein should be measured when?
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Between 16-18 weeks, checks for neural tube defects
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Maternal blood glucose is measured when?
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24-28 weeks to check for gestational diabetes
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Increased alpha fetoprotein is may be a sign of what?
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neural tube defects, body wall defects, threatened abortion, fetal distress or death
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Decreased AFP may be a sign of what?
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fetal wastage or down syndrome (tristomy 21)
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Goodell's Sign
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softening of cervix
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Chadwick's sign
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bluish color of cervix during pregnancy
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Cardiac output increases/decreases to what degree during preganacy?
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increases 30-40%, increase of 10-15 BPM
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BP increases/decreased during pregnancy
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decreases during 1/2 trimeter due to drecrease in peripheral vascular resistance. May increase in 3rd due to compression of pelvic and femoral vessles, IVC
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Blood volume inncreases to what level during pregnancy?
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45%
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RBC's increase to what amount during pregnancy?
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18-30%, dependant upon iron supplimentation
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Plasma increases to what amount during pregnancy?
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50%, , results in physiologic anemia and 7% decrease in hematocrit
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Volume of air breathed increases/decreases to what amount?
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30-40%, intrathoracic volume remains unchanged
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Chloasma
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mask of pregnancy
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Linea nigra
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darkly pigmented line extending from umbillicus to pubic area
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Striae gravidarum
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stretch marks
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Approximate weight gain for a woman with normal pre-pregnant weight
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25-35 pounds
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Clients with a vegetarian diet need to supplimiment which specific vitamin?
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B-12
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Pica
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a conditon of eating items that have no nutritional value, including clay, dirt, and ice
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