Nclex-Pn Chapter 22 Prenatal Risks

Front 1

Physiological Maternal Changes:

Oxygen consumption

Back 1

Increases

Front 2

Physiological Maternal Changes:

Iron requirments are

Back 2

Increased

Front 3

Physiological Maternal Changes:

Bladder tone is

Back 3

Decreased

Front 4

Physiological Maternal Changes:

Bladder capacity is

Back 4

Decreased

Front 5

Physiological Maternal Changes:

Respiratory rate is

Back 5

Unchanged

Front 6

Physiological Maternal Changes:

Pulse may

Back 6

Increase about 10 BPM

Front 7

Physiological Maternal Changes:

Blood pressure may

Back 7

Decline in second trimester

Front 8

Physiological Maternal Changes:

Basal Metobolic Rate

Back 8

Increases

Front 9

Physiological Maternal Changes:

Uterus grows from

Back 9

60g to 1000g

Front 10

Physiological Maternal Changes:

Cervix

Back 10

Becomes shorter, more elastic, and larger in diameter

Front 11

Physiological Maternal Changes:

Chadwicks sign

Back 11

Increased vascularization causes softening and blue/purple discoloration

Front 12

Physiological Maternal Changes:

Vaginal changes include

Back 12

Hypertrophy and thinckening of mucus

Increase in secretions-thick, while, acidic.

Front 13

Physiological Maternal Changes:

Dark streak down midline of abdomen

Back 13

linea nigra

Front 14

Physiological Maternal Changes:

Blotchy brownish hyperpigmentation, may occure over forehead, cheeks, nose

Back 14

Chloamsma (Mask of pregnancy)

Front 15

Physiological Maternal Changes:

Reddish purple stretch marks

Back 15

striae

Front 16

Psychological Maternal Changes:

Mother and father experience what in relation to role changes

Back 16

Ambivalance

Front 17

Discomforts of Pregnancy:

N/V/D occurs when and is caused by what

Back 17

First trimester. Caused by changes in hCG level and carbohydrate metabolism

Front 18

Discomforts of Pregnancy:

Syncope occurs when and is caused by what?

Back 18

First trimester, can occur in 2nd and 3rd with supin hypotension. Triggered by increased blod vol., anumia, fatigue, position changes, lying supine

Front 19

Discomforts of Pregnancy:

Suncope interventions include

Back 19

Sitting with feet elevated, changing position slowly, and laying in left later recumbant position

Front 20

Discomforts of Pregnancy:

Urinary urgency and frequescy occurs when and is caused by what?

Back 20

1st and 3rd trimester. Caused by pressure of the uterus on the bladder.

Front 21

Discomforts of Pregnancy:

Breast tenderness occurs when and by what?

Back 21

1st thru 3rd. Caused by increased levels of estrogen and progesterone.

Front 22

Discomforts of Pregnancy:

Increased vaginal discharge occures when and by what?

Back 22

1st thru 3rd. Cuased by hyperplasia of vagina muscosa and increased mucus production.

Front 23

Discomforts of Pregnancy:

Nasal stuffiness occurs when and by what?

Back 23

1st thru 3rd. Increased estrogen causes swelling of nasal tissues and dryness.

Front 24

Discomforts of Pregnancy:

Fatigue occures when and by what?

Back 24

1st and 3rd. Usually dut to hormonal changes.

Front 25

Discomforts of Pregnancy:

Heartburn occures when and by what?

Back 25

2nd and 3rd. Results from increased progesterone levels, decreased GI motility and esophageal reflux, and displacement of the stomach by enlarging uterus.

Front 26

Discomforts of Pregnancy:

Heartburn interventions include:

Back 26

Eat small frequent meals
Avoid fatty/spicy meals
Drink milk in between meals
Performing tailor sitting exercises

Front 27

Discomforts of Pregnancy:

Ankle edema occurs when and by what?

Back 27

2nd, 3rd. Occures because of vasodilation, venous stasis, and increased venous pressure below the uterus.

Front 28

Discomforts of Pregnancy:

Varicose veins are occur when and by what?

Back 28

2nd, 3rd. Occur because of weakening walls of the viens or valves and venous congestion.

Front 29

Discomforts of Pregnancy:

Headaches occur when and by what?

Back 29

2nd, 3rd. Occur as a result of changes in blood volume and vascular tone.

Front 30

Discomforts of Pregnancy:

Hemmorrhoids occur when and by what?

Back 30

2nd, 3rd. Occur because of increased venous pressure and/or constipation.

Front 31

Discomforts of Pregnancy:

COnstipation occurs when and by what?

Back 31

2nd, 3rd. Occures becuase of decreased intestinal motility, displacement of intestines, and taking iron suppliments.

Front 32

Discomforts of Pregnancy:

Leg cramps occur when and by what?

Back 32

2nd, 3rd. Altered calcium-phosphorus balance and pressure of the uterus on the nerves, or from fatigue.

Front 33

Discomforts of Pregnancy:

SOB occurs when and by what?

Back 33

2nd, 3rd. Caused by displacement of diaphragm.

Front 34

Laboratory Tests:

If the client is Rh negative, and has a negative antibody screen, the pt. should recieve what?

Back 34

Rh immune globulin at 28 weeks gestation

Front 35

Laboratory Tests:

Rubella titer-if the client has a negative titer indicative suceptability to the rubella virus, client should recieve what?

Back 35

immunization post-partum. Pt. should be using effective birth control at time of immunization.

Front 36

Laboratory Tests:

Rubella titer-pt. should avoid what when recieving immunization?

Back 36

avoid getting pregant for 3 months following immunization, and avoid immunocompromized ppl.

Front 37

Laboratory Tests:

If Rubella titer is given at the same time as Rh globulin, it:

Back 37

may not be effective.

Front 38

Laboratory Tests:

Hemoglobin and Hemocrit levels will _____ during gestation.

Back 38

Drop due to increased plasma volume.

Front 39

Laboratory Tests:

An increased hemocrit level may indicate the development of

Back 39

Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH).

Front 40

Laboratory Tests:

Decrease in hemoglobin levels to ___ and hemocrit levels to ___ indicate anemia.

Back 40

hemoglobin=10g/dl
hemocrit=30g/dl

Front 41

Laboratory Tests:

Tuberculin skin tests-radiograph will not be performed after __ weeks gestation.

Back 41

20 weeks due to fetal organ formation

Front 42

Laboratory Tests:

Urinalysis: ____ is a common result of decreased renal threshold that occurs during pregnancy.

Back 42

Glysosuria

Front 43

Laboratory Tests:

If glycosuria persists, this may indicate ____.

Back 43

Diabetes

Front 44

Laboratory Tests:

Urinalysis:_____ may result from insufficient food intake or vomiting

Back 44

Ketonuria

Front 45

Laboratory Tests:

Urinalysis: Levels of ___ in the urine may indicate preganancy indiced hypertension

Back 45

2+ to 4+ protein

Front 46

Diagnostic Tests:

Ultrasound: Woman may need to ____ before the procedure to obtain a better veiw of the fetus.

Back 46

Drink water to fill the bladder.

Front 47

Diagnostic Tests:

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) screening assesses _____

Back 47

quantity of fetal serum proteins.

Front 48

Diagnostic Tests:

if AFP levels are elevated, thi sis associated with

Back 48

open neural tube and abdominal wall defects.

Front 49

Diagnostic Tests:

AFP can detect these two defects.

Back 49

Spina bifida, Down syndrome.

Front 50

Diagnostic Tests:

Chorionic villus sampling: done at ___ to ___ weeks gestation.

Back 50

8 to 12 weeks.

Front 51

Diagnostic Tests:

Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is performed by _____

Back 51

aspirating a small sample of chorionic villus tissue.

Front 52

Diagnostic Tests:

CVS is performed to test for

Back 52

genetic abnormalities.

Front 53

Diagnostic Tests:

CVS increases risk of _____

Back 53

Rh sesitization. Rh neg women may be given RhoGAM.

Front 54

Diagnostic Tests:

Kick counts: mother lies on ____ side, and reports if there are fewer than ___ kicks in 12 hours

Back 54

left side, 10 kick.

Front 55

Diagnostic Tests:

Amniocentesis: aspiration of amniotic fluid done from ___ to ___ week of pregnancy

Back 55

13th to 14th week.

Front 56

Diagnostic Tests:

Amniocentesus is done to determine _____

Back 56

genetic disorders, metabolic defects, and fetal lung maturity.

Front 57

Diagnostic Tests:

Amniocentesis risks include the follow 6 items:

Back 57

Maternal hemmorrhage, Infection, Rh isoimmunization, Abruptio placentae, Amniotic fluid emboli, premature rupture of membranes.

Front 58

Diagnostic Tests:

Fern test: Microscopic slide test to determine the presence of ______

Back 58

amniotic fluid leakage

Front 59

Diagnostic Tests:

Fern test: specemin is obtained from the ____ and ____

Back 59

external os of the cervix and and vaginal pool

Front 60

Diagnostic Tests:

Fer test: A fernlike pattern occuring from the salts of _____ indicate the presence of _____.

Back 60

amniotic fluid, amniotic fluid.

Front 61

Diagnostic Tests:

Nitrazine test: used to detect the presence of ____ in vaginal secretions

Back 61

amniotic fluid.

Front 62

Diagnostic Tests:

Nitrazine test: Vaginal secretions have a PH of ___ to ____

Back 62

PH of 4.5 to 5.5

Front 63

Diagnostic Tests:

Nitrazine test: Amniotic fluid has a PH of ___ to ___ and will turn a yelloy strip or swab a blue color.

Back 63

PH of 7.0 tp 7.5

Front 64

Diagnostic Tests:

Nonstress Test (NST): performed to asses ____ and ____

Back 64

placental function and oxygenation.

Front 65

Diagnostic Tests:

NST evaluates ____ in response to ____

Back 65

fetal heart rate (FHR) in respone to fetal movement.