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110 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
(Amitriptyline) am-ee-TRIP-tih-leen
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- Elavil
- tricyclic antidepressant |
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what is given after an overdose of Elavil (Amitriptyline) to stop the absorption of the drug?
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activated charcoal
(binds with the drug so that it isn't absorbed) |
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what does redness, warmth, pain, and a hard, cordlike vein at the I.V site suggest?
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phelbitis
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what are sign of phelbitis at an I.V. insertion site?
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redness, warmth, pain, and a hard, cordlike vein
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what following actions should the nurse take when phlebitis occurs at an I.V. insertion site?
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apply warm soaks to the site to reduce inflammation
discontinue the iv line and insert a new I.V. catheter proximal to or above the discontinued I.V. site or other arm document the assessment of the I.V. site, actions taken, and the client's response to the situation |
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what is cellulitis and what is it associated with?
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an infection of deep subcutaneous tissue and sometimes muscle that may be associated with infection of an operative or traumatic wound
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what are characteristics are associated with cellulitis? (4)
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local heat
pain redness swelling |
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what is purulent?
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forming or contain pus
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when providing oral hygiene for an unconscious client, the nurse must take what essential action?
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placing the client in a side-lying position to prevent aspiration
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what kind of thermal therapy is applied to a painful and swollen ankle?
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cold
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why is pain caused by an injury best treated initially with cold applicants?
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reduces localized swelling and decreases vasodilation
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how does decreasing vasodilation decrease pain?
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prevents pain-producing chemicals from being carried into the circulation
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what indicates that wound healing is taking place a stage 4 ulcer?
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connective tissue develops and fills in the wound edges from granulation tissue
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when is the best time to collect a sputum specimen from a client?
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in the morning as soon as the client awakens
(sputum accumulates in the lungs during sleep; specimen will be concentrated, increasing the likelihood of an accurate culture) |
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2 tsp is equivalent to __= ml
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5 ml
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what is milk of magnesia ordered for?
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constipation
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what are the six rights to safe medication administration?
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right drug
right dose right route right time right client right documentation |
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what is the abbreviation for both eyes?
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OU
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what is the abbreviation for boy ears?
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AU
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how is a z-track injection given?
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i.m.
pull the skin laterally away from the injection site 90 degree angle waits 10 secs. after injection the medication withdrawal the needle and release the skin |
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why shouldn't the carotid arteries be palpated at the same time?
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it may cause severe bradycardia and impairment of cerebral circulation
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what do crackles sound like and when are the usually heard?
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during inspiration and inspiration
short, popping sounds coarse (loud and low in pitch) or fine (less intense and high in pitch) resembles sounds heard when rolling hair between the fingers near the ear |
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how long should the eye be irrigated for a client sustaining a chemical burn?
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10 mins.
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what is hemiplegia?
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paralysis of one side of the body
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what is monoplegia?
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paralysis of one extremity
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what is paraplegia?
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paralysis of both lower limbs
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what is quadriplegia?
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paralysis of all four extremities and usually the trunk
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if on a bland diet, what should the client avoid eating?
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gastric irritants, such as coffee, tea, colas, cocoa, breads, bran(fiber), and highly seasoned foods
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what do crackles result from?
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air moving through airways that contain fluid
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what do plueral friction result from?
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inflammation of visceral and parietal pleurae rubbing together
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what are wheezes?
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continuous, high-pitched, musical squeaks that result when air moves rapidly through narrowed airways
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the second heart sound (S2) results from?
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closing of the aortic and pulmonic valves
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the first heart sounds (S1) results from?
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closing of the mitral and tricuspid valves
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tachycardia can result from what?
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fear, anger, or pain
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bradycardia can result from what?
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vomiting, suctioning, vagal nerve stimulation
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what is intermittent claudication?
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pain that occurs with activity or exercise but that is relieved with rest
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why does pain result from intermittent claudication?
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from the body's inability to supply arterial blood to the tissue (blood rich in nutrients)
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the nurse is caring for a client who is taking an anticoagulant. the nurse should teach the client to?
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avoid foods high in vitamin K
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increased fluid volume leads is at risk for rapid weight gain usually of how much?
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2.2lbs (1kg)
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what is a late sign of increased fluid volume?
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crackles
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what does crackles indicate?
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extravascular fluid accumulation in the lungs and alveoli which represents pulmonary edema
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what is diabetic ketoacidosis?
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an acute, life-threatening form of metabolic acidosis that arise as a complication of uncontrolled diabetes
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in type 1 diabetes what occurs with severe hyperglycemia?
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diabetic ketoacidiosis
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what happens when there is an accumulation of keone bodies resulting in diabetic ketoacidiosis?
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leads to urinary loss of water,
potassium, ammonium, sodium, hypovolemia, electrolyte imbalances, hyperglycemia, coma |
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signs and symptoms that may indicate diabetic ketoacidiosis in a type 1 diabetic?
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flushed,
hot, dry skin; confusion; nausea; diaphoresis; restlessness; fruity breath odor. |
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what is a pleural friction rub?
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a rub that occurs during both inspiration and expiration and produces a squeaking or grating sound
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does pleural friction rub clear with coughing?
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no
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a client complains of abdominal discomfort and nausea while receiving tube feedings. what should the nurse do?
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decrease the rate of the feeding and concentration of the formula
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how are tube feedings given to minimize abdominal cramping?
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given at room temperature
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to prevent bacterial growth. when should the feedings be changed?
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routinely changed every 8-12 hours
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what is the minimum of taking a client's temperature orally using a glass thermometer?
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3 minutes
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the client may develop which electrolyte imbalance?
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hypokalemia
hyponatremia hypovolemia |
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what is excreted when using a loop diuretic?
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sodium
potassium water |
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what is the first stage of wound healing?
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inflammation
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what occurs when inflammation is present?
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hemostasis
edema drawing of leukocytes to the wound area |
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what occurs in the fibrinoplastic phase in wound healing?
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creates a scar
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what occurs in the lag stage of healing?
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the fibrin dries out and forms a scab
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what occurs in the contraction phase of wound healing?
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sloughing and shrinking of the scar
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what is the most common source of airway obstruction in an unconscious victim?
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the tongue
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what lymph nodes are palpable when complaining of sore throat?
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submandibular lymph nodes for enlargement
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where is the submandibular lymph nodes located?
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beneath the mandible, halfway to the chin
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what occurs if group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection is inadequately treated?
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rheumatic fever
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what is given to prevent rheumatic fever from reoccurring?
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anitbiotic usually for 10 days
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what is heart failure?
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the inability of the heart to pump an adequate amount of blood to the tissues.
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what is an incentive spirometer?
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a device that requires the client to deep breathe, hold the breath for approximately 3 seconds, and then exhale in an effort to expand the lungs.
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what is pneumonia?
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an acute infection of the lung parenchyma that commonly impairs gas exchange.
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dopamine (DOE-puh-meen)?
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intropin
-vasopressor/ vasoconstrictor |
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tamoxifen (ta-MOX-i-fen)?
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Nolvadex
-estrogen-blocker |
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what is tamoxifen (Nolvadex) treated for?
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premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer and to prevent breast cancer in certain women who are at high risk
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dopamine (Intropin) is used to treat what?
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hypotension
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progesterone?
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(Gesterol 50)
-hormone |
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what is progesterone use to treat?
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amenorrhea or dysfunctional uterine bleeding
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what is the maximum amount of cc's of medication that can be administered into the deltoid muscle?
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2 cc
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why can't more than 2 ml be given in the deltoid muscle?
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risk of brachial artery and nerve damage
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what is the primary reason for wet-to-dry dressing?
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debriding the wound
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what is a pressure ulcer?
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localized area of skin breakdown occurring secondary to prolonged pressure.
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why does necrotic tissue develop with pressure ulcers?
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vascular supply to the area is diminished
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what is an appropriate nursing intervention for a client with an arm restraint?
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monitoring circulatory status every 2 hours
(one fingerbreadth between the restraint) |
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hyperactive bowel sounds can be a sign of ?
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hunger, early intestinal obstruction, diarrhea
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what is a rapid data collection for an infant?
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brachial pulse
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what injection route is for a 6-month infant?
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vastus lateralis
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when can ventrogluteal be used for an i.m. injection?
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when then client has been walking for a year
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what is a radical mastectomy?
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Surgical removal of an entire breast, pectoral muscles, axillary lymph nodes, and all fat, fascia, and adjacent tissues; usually used in the treatment of breast cancer
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what should the nurse document when obtaining a pulse rate?
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rate
rhythm amplitude |
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furosemide (fure-OH-se-mide)?
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lasix
-loop diuretic |
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what are good sources of postassium?
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bananas and oranges
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a client on prolonged bed rest has developed a pressure ulcer. the wound shows no signs of healing even though the client has received appropriate skin care and has been turned every 2 hour, what factor is most likely responsible for the failure to heal?
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inadequate protein intake
(lack of movement causes an increase rate of protein breakdown) |
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a client with acute pancreatitis could possibly lead to hypovolemic shock. this is caused by ?
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vomiting
hemorrhage (in hemorrhage pancreatitis) plasma leaking in the peritoneal cavity (deficient fluid volume) |
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what is shock?
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An abnormal physiologic state characterized by
reduced cardiac output circulatory insufficiency tachycardia hypotension restlessness pallor diminished urinary output. |
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what causes shock?
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caused by a variety of conditions,
trauma infection hemorrhage poisoning myocardial infarction dehydration. |
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what is cardiac output?
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The volume of blood ejected by the heart per minute
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what is the normal range for cardiac output?
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4-8L per min.
(Cardiac output equals the stroke volume (the difference between end-diastolic volume and end-systolic volume) multiplied by the heart rate.) |
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what is chemotherapy?
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treatment of a disease using chemicals that exert a toxic effect on the pathogen or abnormal cell growth.
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what is dehiscence?
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the seperation of the surgical incision
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what is evisceration?
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the protruding of the abdominal organs
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what is a isotonic solution?
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same concentration as the body fluids.
isotonic solution tends neither to gain or lose water. |
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what is the order to examine the abdomen?
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inspection
auscultation percussion palpation |
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a client age 40-49 with no family hx of breast cancer or other risk factors for this dz should have a mammogram every what?
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2year
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after 50 the client should have a mammogram every what?
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1 year
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what should the nurse know about concurrent administration of piperacillin-tazobactam and gentamicin?
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The doses should be separated by at least 1 hour to prevent inactivation of gentamicin.
penicillins should not be mixed in the same i.v. fluid with aminoglycosides |
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"-cin"?
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antibacterial/ aminoglycosides
1. Amikacin (am-i-KAY-sin)‡ 2. Gentamicin (jen-ta-MYE-sin)‡ 3. Kanamycin (kan-a-MYE-sin)†‡ 4. Neomycin (nee-oh-MYE-sin)†‡ 5. Netilmicin (ne-til-MYE-sin) 6. Streptomycin (strep-toe-MYE-sin)‡§ 7. Tobramycin (toe-bra-MYE-sin)‡ |
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"-cillin"?
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antibacterial/ penicillins
1. Amoxicillin (a-mox-i-SILL-in)‡ 2. Ampicillin (am-pi-SILL-in)‡ 3. Bacampicillin (ba-kam-pi-SILL-in) 4. Carbenicillin (kar-ben-i-SILL-in) 5. Cloxacillin (klox-a-SILL-in)‡ 6. Dicloxacillin (dye-klox-a-SILL-in)†‡ 7. Flucloxacillin |
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where do you auscultate the apical heart best?
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left midclavicular line in the fifth intercostal space
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what and why should never be done with sustained-release tablets?
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they should never be split, crushed, or chewed b/c it may alter the drugs absorption rate, causing adverse reactions or subtherapeutic activity
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what does a nursing diagnosis consist of?
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actual or potential health problem using nanda, the etiology, signs and sypmtoms essential to diagnosis
ex. ineffective airway clearance related to mucus plugs and nonproductive cough |
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what is hepatic encephalopathy?
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A serious complication of liver failure affecting a client's neurologic status; believed to result from the accumulation of toxins, such as ammonia, in the blood.
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neomycin (nee oh MY sin)?
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mycifradin
-antibiotic |
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what is neomycin commonly prescribed for?
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reduce the risk of infection during surgery of the bowel and to reduce the symptoms of hepatic coma
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how does neomycin decrease the blood ammonia concentration?
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it decreases the number of ammonia-producing bacteria in the GI tract
(ecoli and ribosome creates ammonia through protein synthesis. neomycin directly inhibits the ribosome from protein synthesis with ecoli) |
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what is a major disdvantage of prolong barbiturate use?
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potential for drug dependence
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