Nclex Burn Injury

Front 1

Types of Burn Injuries

(there are four types)

Back 1

1. thermal
2. chemical
3. electrical
4. radiation

Front 2

Describe thermal burns

Back 2

1. Can either be from dry heat (flames) or moist heat (steam or hot liquids)
2. Causes cell destruction that results in vascular, bony, muscle, or nerve complications
3. Can lead to inhalation injury if head and neck area is affected

Front 3

Describe chemical burn

Back 3

1. Caused by direct contact with either acidic or alkaline agents
2. Alters tissue perfusion and leads to necrosis

Front 4

Describe electrical burns

Back 4

1. Severity depends on type and duration of current and amount of voltage
2. Electricity include direct current, alternating current, and lightning

Front 5

Describe radiation burns

Back 5

1. Usually associated with sunburn or radiation treatment for cancer
2. Usually superficial
3. Extensive exposure to radiation may lead to tissue damage and multisystem injury

Front 6

Classification of Burn Injury by Depth of Burn

(four levels)

Back 6

1. Superficial thickness
2. Superficial partial thickness
3. Deep partial thickness
4. Full thickness

Front 7

Describe superficial thickness

(examples: sunburns)

Back 7

1. Epidermis only
2. Erythema
3. Absence of blisters for 24 hours
4. Mild edema
5. No eschar
6. Local pain
7. Healing occurs spontaneously in 3-5 days
8. No scar formations

Front 8

Describe partial thickness

(examples: flame or burn scalds)

Back 8

1. Epidermis and dermis
2. Moist areas are read to ivory white
3. Blisters form immediately
4. Mild to moderate edema
5. No eschar
6. Painful
7. Heals within 14 days
8. No scarring

Front 9

Describe deep partial thickness

(examples: flame and burn scalds; grease, tar or chemical burns; exposure to hot objects for prolonged time)

Back 9

1. Red to white
2. Moderate edema
3. No blisters
4. Soft and dry eschar
5. Painful and sensitive to touch
6. Heals within 14-36 days
7. Scarring likely
8. Possible grafting involved

Front 10

Describe full thickness

Back 10

1. Entire epidermis and dermis, may