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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is respiratory acidosis?
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- more H+ than can be absorbed by the buffer system
-->Any condition that causes an obstruction of the airway or depresses the respiratory system can cause respiratory acidosis. |
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What are conditions that may cause respiratory acidosis?
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Astham, atelectasis, brain trauma, bronchiectasis, bronchitis, CNS depressants (sedatives, opioids, anesthetics), Emphysema, hypoventilation, pulomnary edema, pneumonia, pulmonary emboli.
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What is respiratory alkalosis?
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-Deficit of carbonic acid and a decrease in H+ concentration.
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What are conditions that may cause respiratory alkalosis?
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Fever, hyperventilation, hypoxia, hysteria, overventilation by mechanical ventilator, pain.
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What is metabolic acidosis?
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-Total concentration of buffer base is lower than normal, resulting from loss of too much base and/or retention of too much acid.
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What are conditions that may cause metabolic alkalosis?
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Diabetes mellitus or diabetic ketoacidosis, excessive ingestion of aspirin, high-fat diet, insufficient metabolism of carbohydrates, malnutrition, renal insufficiency or renal failure, severe diarrhea.
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What is metabolic alkalosis?
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-Deficit of carbonic acid and a decrease in hydrogen ion concentrations that results from the accumulation of base or from a loss in acid without a comparable loss of base in the body fluids.
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What are conditions that may lead to metabolic alkalosis?
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Diuretics, excessive vomiting or GI suctioning, hyperaldosteronism, ingestion of and/or infusion of excessive sodium bicarbonate, massive transfusion of whole blood.
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What are normal pH levels?
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7.35 to 7.45
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What are normal PCO2 levels?
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35-45 mm Hg
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What are normal HCO3 levels?
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22-27 mEq/L
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What are normal PO2 levels?
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80-100 mm Hg
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When a patient has Respiratory Acidosis, what will the pH, HCO3, PaO2, PaCO2
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pH:Decreased
HCO3:Increased PaO2:Decreased PaCO2:Increased |
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When a patient has Respiratory alkalosis, what will the pH, HCO3, PaO2, and PaCO2 be?
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pH: increased
HCO3:decreased PaO2:normal PaCO2:decreased |
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When a patient has Metabolic acidosis, what will the pH, HCO3, PaO2 and PaCO2 be?
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pH:Decreased
HCO3:Decreased PaO2:Normal PaCO2:Normal or decreased |
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When a patient has metabolic alkalosis, what will their pH, HCO3, PaO2 and PaCO2 be?
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pH:Increased
HCO3:Increased PaO2:Normal PaCO2:Normal or increased |
